TY - JOUR
T1 - Venous thromboembolism among physically active young adult females
AU - Shapiro, Michael
AU - Hamulyák, Eva N.
AU - Leader, Avi
AU - Landau, Regev
AU - Middeldorp, Saskia
AU - Gurevich-Shapiro, Anna
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors
PY - 2023/11
Y1 - 2023/11
N2 - Background: Young adult females are at risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) due to various acquired and transient factors. In recent years, a growing number of females have engaged in strenuous physical activity, but its role as a risk factor for VTE is uncertain. Objectives: To determine the incidence of VTE in young adult females engaged in strenuous physical activity. Methods: A large national cohort of female individuals enlisted in the Israeli Defense Forces between 2012 and 2019 was analyzed. The study group consisted of participants undergoing strenuous physical training during their military service, while the control group maintained regular activity levels. We compared the incidence of VTE between the groups and adjusted for potential risk factors using a multivariate Cox analysis. Results: The cohort included 160,718 female individuals aged 18 to 21years, of whom 11,745 engaged in strenuous physical activity and 148,973 served as controls. During a mean follow-up of 1.7 years, VTE occurred in 5 individuals (0.04%) in the strenuous activity group and 47 individuals (0.03%) in the control group. The incidence per 10,000 person-years was 2.41 (95% CI, 0.78-5.62) for the strenuous activity group and 1.82 (95% CI, 1.34-2.42) for the controls. Strenuous activity did not increase the risk for VTE in univariate or multivariate regression, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.27 (95% CI, 0.49-4.22). Use of oral contraceptives was the only significant risk factor, demonstrating dose effect; HR 1.95 (95% CI, 1.06-3.57) for low dose and HR 3.62 (95% CI, 1.40-9.37) for medium estrogen dose contraceptives. Conclusion: Strenuous physical activity did not increase the risk for VTE among a large cohort of young adult female individuals.
AB - Background: Young adult females are at risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) due to various acquired and transient factors. In recent years, a growing number of females have engaged in strenuous physical activity, but its role as a risk factor for VTE is uncertain. Objectives: To determine the incidence of VTE in young adult females engaged in strenuous physical activity. Methods: A large national cohort of female individuals enlisted in the Israeli Defense Forces between 2012 and 2019 was analyzed. The study group consisted of participants undergoing strenuous physical training during their military service, while the control group maintained regular activity levels. We compared the incidence of VTE between the groups and adjusted for potential risk factors using a multivariate Cox analysis. Results: The cohort included 160,718 female individuals aged 18 to 21years, of whom 11,745 engaged in strenuous physical activity and 148,973 served as controls. During a mean follow-up of 1.7 years, VTE occurred in 5 individuals (0.04%) in the strenuous activity group and 47 individuals (0.03%) in the control group. The incidence per 10,000 person-years was 2.41 (95% CI, 0.78-5.62) for the strenuous activity group and 1.82 (95% CI, 1.34-2.42) for the controls. Strenuous activity did not increase the risk for VTE in univariate or multivariate regression, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.27 (95% CI, 0.49-4.22). Use of oral contraceptives was the only significant risk factor, demonstrating dose effect; HR 1.95 (95% CI, 1.06-3.57) for low dose and HR 3.62 (95% CI, 1.40-9.37) for medium estrogen dose contraceptives. Conclusion: Strenuous physical activity did not increase the risk for VTE among a large cohort of young adult female individuals.
KW - exercise
KW - female
KW - military personnel
KW - pulmonary embolism
KW - venous thromboembolism
KW - young adult
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85178300521&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.rpth.2023.102236
DO - 10.1016/j.rpth.2023.102236
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C2 - 38193067
AN - SCOPUS:85178300521
SN - 2475-0379
VL - 7
JO - Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Haemostasis
JF - Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Haemostasis
IS - 8
M1 - 102236
ER -