Utilisation of healthcare services and drug consumption in fibromyalgia: A cross-sectional analysis of the Clalit Health Service database

Aim: To investigate the health care utilisation and drug consumption of patients with fibromyalgia (FM). Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using the Clalit Health Care database. Clalit is the largest HMO in Israel, serving more than 4.4 million enrollees. We identified FM patients and age and sex-matched controls. Indicators of healthcare utilisation and drug consumption were extracted and analysed for both groups. Results: The study included 14 296 FM patients and 71 324 controls. The mean age was 56 years, with a women predominance of 92%. The mean number of visits across of all healthcare services (hospitalisations, emergency department visit, general practitioner clinic visits, rheumatology clinic visits, and pain clinic visits) and the mean difference (MD) were significantly higher for FM patients compared with controls (MD 0.66, P <.001; MD 0.23, P <.001; MD 7.49, P <.001; MD 0.31, P <.001; MD 0.13, P <.001), respectively. Drug use was significantly and consistently higher among FM patients compared with controls; NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) OR 2.56, P <.001; Opioids OR 4.23, P <.001; TCA (tricyclic antidepressants) OR 8.21, P <.001; Gabapentinoids OR 6.31, P <.001; SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) OR 2.07, P <.001; SNRI (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor) OR 7.43, P <.001. Conclusion: Healthcare utilisation and drug use are substantially higher among patients with FM compared with controls.