Uterine anomalies: A retrospective, matched-control study

The obstetric risk associated with congenital uterine malformations was studied in a group of 67 women who had undergone hysterosalpingography (HSG) during an eight-year period. HSG was performed to investigate primary (21% of the cases) and secondary (19%) infertility (group 1) or recurrent early fetal loss (60%) (group 2). The study group was compared with a random control group of 130 patients with HSG-proven normal uteri, matched for the presenting symptom. Prematurity and intrauterine fetal death were found to be significantly more common (P < .05) for women in group 1 with uterine anomalies. The mean birth weight for preterm infants (< 37 weeks) was significantly lower (P < .01) for women with malformed uteri. The incidence of antepartum bleeding during pregnancy (P < .01), breech presentation and cesarean section (P < .001) was significantly higher for the study group. Premature rupture of the membranes was diagnosed more frequently (P < .05) only in group 1. Patients with congenital uterine anomalies are a high-risk obstetric group. Primary infertility may be a more common presenting complaint in women with uterine anomalies than previously recognized.