Abstract
This paper explores the use of video as a tool for promoting inquiry among preschool teachers and didacticians. In this case, the didacticians are teacher educators who are also mathematics education researchers. Preschool teachers recorded themselves with video implementing number and geometry tasks with children and shared these recordings with other teachers and didacticians. The session where the teachers and didacticians viewed and discussed these recordings was recorded and viewed later by a group of didacticians. The multiple uses of video led to inquiry on several levels. Teachers inquired into the practice of implementing tasks with children, evaluating children's knowledge, and the practice of using video as a tool. Didacticians inquired into their practice of research with children, their practice as teacher educators, the use of video as a tool in professional development, and the use of video in their inquiry process. Teachers' and didacticians' inquiries led to increased appreciation for the practice of inquiry, belonging to a community of practice, and its role in promoting both teachers' and didacticians' knowledge for teaching.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 253-266 |
| Number of pages | 14 |
| Journal | ZDM - International Journal on Mathematics Education |
| Volume | 46 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Apr 2014 |
Funding
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| Israel Science Foundation | 654/10 |
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In: ZDM - International Journal on Mathematics Education, Vol. 46, No. 2, 04.2014, p. 253-266.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
TY - JOUR
T1 - Using video as a tool for promoting inquiry among preschool teachers and didacticians of mathematics
AU - Tirosh, Dina
AU - Tsamir, Pessia
AU - Levenson, Esther
AU - Barkai, Ruthi
AU - Tabach, Michal
N1 - Funding Information: A lot of information on energy storage problems, including seasonal storage of solar energy, and information on different applications, projects, and demonstration plants of SAHPSS including large-scale CSHPSS can be found at the website of the IEA Energy Storage Program, http://www.iea-eces.org , or at the websites of different tasks and annexes of the Energy Conservation through Energy Storage Program. A distinguishing feature of ground systems with seasonal storage applying to large heating demand, that is, CSHPSS, is a large store with soil, water, or rock as a storage medium and a large solar collector array to charge the store. So the main components of CSHPSS are the following: • solar collectors, • storage system, • distribution network for the load. The CSHPSS systems are really very large. To justify the use of such systems, a forecast heating load of a few hundred MWh should be expected per year. Therefore, it is obvious that these systems are not practical for single-family houses and other small loads. The CSHPSS systems can be applied in large residential districts, schools, hospitals, and public or commercial facilities. The CSHPSS concept is also suitable for retrofitting existing building stock and for the integration of solar energy with other energy sources. The Northern and Central European countries are leaders in large-scale application for seasonal storage systems. The first operational system was built in 1978 at Studsvik Laboratory, in Sweden. This system was designed to provide heat demand for an office building. In 1979, the IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Projects created a new Task VII on Central Solar Heating Plant with Seasonal Storage. This task was established to investigate the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of CSHPSS systems and to promote and assist in the establishment of this technology in the participating countries, which in alphabetic order were as follows: Austria, Canada, CEC (JRC Ispra), Denmark, Federal Republic of Germany, Finland, Italy, The Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. In 1990 Task VII was finished. However, promoting the very successful results of this task’s investigations led to the creation of the new Task XV on Advanced Central Solar Heating Plants in Built Environments. Later other tasks that were a kind of successors of Task XV were developed. Since the beginning of 1990, when Task VII was established, many CSHPSS systems were built and tested in many countries, mainly in Europe. Some of those projects, in some way historic projects with seasonal storage, are presented briefly below: m m 000 m Kerava, Finland. The Kerava Solar Village (KSV) Project was put into operation in 1983. It was to provide heat for 44 apartments (3756 2 total area). The solar energy was stored in a stratified water tank (1500 3 volume) excavated in bedrock. Fifty-four boreholes in rocks (11 3 volume) were additionally used. The system was coupled with a heat pump. The storage capacity was found to be too small to achieve the design solar fraction. 470 m m Scarborough, Canada. The purpose of this project was to test the performance and economic feasibility of seasonal storage in aquifers. This project, completed in 1985, provided cool and heat for 30 2 Scarborough Canada Center Building, the major federal government building in the eastern part of Toronto. The Scarborough building had a cooling load greater than heating load; therefore, the aquifer was used to store cold water to be used for summer cooling. A vacuum tube solar collector array (700 2 area) was used for DHW demand. MWh) of 96 houses divided into nine blocks and grouped around the seasonal duct heat store. Vacuum tube solar collectors (2400 m m 000 m m deep) were used. The system performance evaluation showed that the solar contribution of the system (628 MWh or 52% fraction) was about 15% lower than expected. This lower solar fraction was due to lower solar collector efficiency, higher storage losses through the top insulation, slightly higher minimum useful temperature in the system, and greater regional groundwater flow than expected. Groningen, The Netherlands. Dutch CSHPSS at Groningen was put in operation in 1984. The system was designed for heating purposes (1200 2 area) were used. The storage system consisted of short-term (daily) and long-term storage. The short-term storage was a water tank (100 3 capacity) embedded in the center of clay seasonal storage (23 3 capacity). In the clay storage, 360 polybutylene U-shaped vertical tubes (20 062 m m 400 m Treviglio, Italy. The Treviglio Project was put in operation in 1982. The system was designed to provide heat for five apartment buildings (35 3 total heating volume). Flat plate solar collectors were used (2727 2 total area). Heat was transferred into the ground by 55 horizontal U-shaped pipes and 414 vertical boreholes. The total storage volume was about 43 3 . The system was assisted by a heat pump. The evaluation of the system showed a very close agreement between the expected and measured solar fraction (expected 76%, real value 72%). 000 m 000 m MWh. Sunclay, Sweden. The Sunclay Project was designed to supply low-temperature heat to a school. It was put in operation in 1980. Unglazed roof-integrated solar collectors (15 2 area) and duct store in clay (87 3 storage capacity) were coupled with a heat pump (diesel type). The annual heating requirement of the school was 1650 m 000 m m MWh. Lambohov, Sweden. The CSHPSS at Lambohov was put in operation in 1980. This system used flat plate solar collectors (2900 2 area) and an insulated water storage volume (10 3 ) in bedrock to provide heat for 50 small houses (7000 2 total area). The annual heating demand was equal to 940 000 m 800 m °C. The heat supplied to the system was approximately 8500 MWh per year. Lyckebo, Sweden. Lyckebo was the largest and most widely known plant in Sweden. Lyckebo was put in operation in 1983. The system consisted of water storage in a rock cavern (105 3 capacity) and high-temperature flat plate solar collectors (final area 28 2 ). The rock cavern was not insulated. The heat losses from the cavern differed from the design study due to convection losses through the old access tunnel that was used during construction. The storage was designed to supply 100% of heating requirements for 550 houses at a temperature of 70 m m kW) were used. The system was designed to supply heat for an office building (floor area 1375 m MWh and consumption of energy for hot water was about 25 MWh. The heat distribution system was a low-temperature system (50/40 °C). Two different storage concepts combined in one store were used (artificial aquifer, man-made, that constituted primary and a secondary system: coils in gravel). Stuttgart University, Germany. An SAHP system with an artificial aquifer was built in 1985. This was the first project with seasonal heat storage in Germany on a large scale. The artificial aquifer gravel- and water-filled pit (1050 3 capacity) and unglazed solar collectors (211 2 area) and an electric heat pump (66 2 ) of the University Institute. The annual heat load was 150 Since the 1980s, some new CSHPSS systems have been installed in other places. Some of them are not coupled with heat pumps. There is a new type of large-scale system, the so-called central solar heating plants with diurnal storage (CSHPDS). They have ‘small’ diurnal storage and are connected with the main heating plant, usually a conventional one, and the central district heating system. Some examples of both types of systems are listed below [52–55] . • Falkenberg, Sweden, CSHPDS in operation since 1989, collector area 5500 m m GWh; 2 , 1100 3 water tank, annual load size 30 • Ry, Denmark, CSHP in operation since 1990, collector area 3025 m GWh; 2 , directly connected to district heating, annual load size 32 • Hamburg, Germany, CSHPSS in operation since 1996, collector area 3000 m m GWh; 2 , 4500 3 water-filled concrete tank, annual load size 1.6 • Friedrichshafen, Germany, CSHPSS in operation since 1996, collector area 2700 m 000 m GWh; in 2003 the collector area was extended to 3500 m m GWh, due to enlargement of residential area. 2 , 12 3 water-filled concrete tank, annual load size 2.4 2 , in 2004 to 4050 2 , annual heat demand increased to 3–3.4 • Marstal, Denmark, CSHPDS in operation since 1996, collector area 18 300 m m + 4000 m + 10 000 m GWh; 2 , 2100 3 water tank 3 sand water store 3 water pit (2003), annual load size 28 • Aeroskobing, Denmark, CSHPDS in operation since 1998, collector area 4900 m m GWh; 2 , 1200 3 water tank, annual load size 13 • Neckarsulm, Germany, CSHPSS in operation since 1999, in 1999 collector area 2636 m m m 000 m 400 m GWh, in 2007 increase to 2.8 GWh; 2 , in 2002 extension to 5044 2 , in 2007 next extension to 5670 2 , in 1999 20 3 duct heat store, in 2001 store enlargement to 63 3 , in 1999 annual load size 1.25 • Kungalv, Sweden, CSHPDS in operation since 2000, collector area 10 000 m m GWh; 2 , 1000 3 water tank, annual load size 90 • Rise, Denmark, CSHPSS in operation since 2001, collector area 3575 m m GWh; 2 , 4500 3 water tank, annual load size 3.7 • Steinfurt, Germany, CSHPSS (second generation) in operation since 2000, collector area 510 m m GWh; 2 , 1500 3 gravel–water, annual load size 0.325 • Rostock, Germany, CSHPSS (second generation) in operation since 2000, collector area 1000 m 000 m GWh; 2 , 20 3 aquifer, annual load size 0.497 • Hannover, Germany, CSHPSS (second generation) in operation since 2000, collector area 1350 m m GWh; 2 , 2750 3 hot water, annual load size 0.694 • Attenkirchen, Germany, CSHPSS (second generation) in operation since 2000, collector area 800 m m + 9350 m GWh. 2 , 500 3 hot 3 duct, annual load size 0.487 During the last five years the next generation CSHPSS systems were realized in Germany thanks to R&D program Solartermie2000plus [56]. For example, in 2007 in Munich the new CSHPSS with 2900 m m GWh. In the same year the other CSHPSS in Crailsheim was realized with 7300 m 500 m m GWh. The solar fraction of the new plants is about 50%, which is really high. 2 of solar collectors and water tank (pit storage) of 5700 3 was put into operation. The annual heat demand is 2.3 2 of solar collectors and duct ground store of 37 3 ground volume (there are also two buffer water tanks of 100 and 480 3 ). The annual heat load is 4.1 Apart from the CSHPSS and CSHPDS, there are systems for combined heat and cold storage. Aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) systems are especially good for cold storage. Such systems can be found in Sweden in Solna/Frosundavik at the SAS head office, and in Berlin in the German Parliament building and in other places. However, this technology is still not so popular at present, even though some of the systems represent high storage efficiency and solar fraction. A main obstacle for quick implementation of this technology is high investment cost. Prof. Dorota A. Chwieduk, MSc (Mech. Eng.), DSc, PhD, studied at the Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering at the Warsaw University of Technology, with a specialty in Energy Systems and Equipment. From 1978 to 2010, she worked in the Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences (IPPT PAN) as an assistant and later as a senior researcher. In 1993, she received PhD in technical sciences, with specialty in buildings. In 1992 and 1995, she was awarded scientific fellowships from DAAD at Munich Technical University, Landtechnik, Weihenstephan, Germany. She has been working as a senior researcher and lecturer at the Institute of Heating Engineering at Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology (ITC MEiL PW) since 2006. In April 2008, she received her DSc (habilitation) in technical sciences. In 2010, she was nominated to professor position by the Warsaw University of Technology Parliament and the Council. Prof. Chwieduk has carried out research on energy, buildings, and environment with a focus on renewable energy, especially on solar energy, heat pumps, and energy storage. She is fellow member of the thermodynamics section of Thermodynamics and Combustion Committee, and fellow member of the physics of building construction section of the Civil Engineering Committee of the Polish Academy of Sciences. She was the president of the International Solar Energy Society – Europe (2009–11) and founder (1993) and president of the Polish Solar Energy Society. Prof. Chwieduk is editor in chief of the Polish Solar Energy magazine and editor in chief of the Federation of Energy and Environment Societies Publisher. She is the president of the steering committee of the Mazovian Energy Agency (MAE). She is a member of the World Renewable Energy Network (WREN) since 1994, and a nominated member of the Advisory Group on Energy (AGE) for the FP7 of the European Commission since 2007. She is the recipient of many awards and honors: awarded the annual title of the year 2006 as ‘Promoter of Renewable Energy’ by the Clean Energy magazine; awarded by the Ministry of Buildings in 2006 for the chapter Low energy buildings. Renewable energy, in Physics of Buildings , vol. II, pp. 1065–1151, published by Arkady (in Polish); awarded in 2008 by the WREN as Pioneer of Renewable Energy; awarded in 2009 by the Ministry of Infrastructure for the best DSc dissertation (habilitation) in buildings and construction discipline in 2008 in Poland; awarded in 2010 by the Division of Production Engineering of the Warsaw University of Life Sciences for achievements and support for the Division. Prof. Chwieduk is the author of 220 national and international papers and eight books and reports of projects and expertises. She is married, and has three sons.
PY - 2014/4
Y1 - 2014/4
N2 - This paper explores the use of video as a tool for promoting inquiry among preschool teachers and didacticians. In this case, the didacticians are teacher educators who are also mathematics education researchers. Preschool teachers recorded themselves with video implementing number and geometry tasks with children and shared these recordings with other teachers and didacticians. The session where the teachers and didacticians viewed and discussed these recordings was recorded and viewed later by a group of didacticians. The multiple uses of video led to inquiry on several levels. Teachers inquired into the practice of implementing tasks with children, evaluating children's knowledge, and the practice of using video as a tool. Didacticians inquired into their practice of research with children, their practice as teacher educators, the use of video as a tool in professional development, and the use of video in their inquiry process. Teachers' and didacticians' inquiries led to increased appreciation for the practice of inquiry, belonging to a community of practice, and its role in promoting both teachers' and didacticians' knowledge for teaching.
AB - This paper explores the use of video as a tool for promoting inquiry among preschool teachers and didacticians. In this case, the didacticians are teacher educators who are also mathematics education researchers. Preschool teachers recorded themselves with video implementing number and geometry tasks with children and shared these recordings with other teachers and didacticians. The session where the teachers and didacticians viewed and discussed these recordings was recorded and viewed later by a group of didacticians. The multiple uses of video led to inquiry on several levels. Teachers inquired into the practice of implementing tasks with children, evaluating children's knowledge, and the practice of using video as a tool. Didacticians inquired into their practice of research with children, their practice as teacher educators, the use of video as a tool in professional development, and the use of video in their inquiry process. Teachers' and didacticians' inquiries led to increased appreciation for the practice of inquiry, belonging to a community of practice, and its role in promoting both teachers' and didacticians' knowledge for teaching.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84898720526&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11858-013-0563-x
DO - 10.1007/s11858-013-0563-x
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AN - SCOPUS:84898720526
SN - 1863-9690
VL - 46
SP - 253
EP - 266
JO - ZDM - International Journal on Mathematics Education
JF - ZDM - International Journal on Mathematics Education
IS - 2
ER -