Unusual case of recurrent heterotopic pregnancy after bilateral salpingectomy and literature review

Heterotopic pregnancy occurs in up to 1% of pregnancies after IVF and embryo transfer. A case of a 35-year-old woman undergoing IVF treatment who had had previous laparoscopic bilateral salpingectomy due to hydrosalpinges is presented. She had had two heterotopic pregnancies in both tubal stumps in consecutive pregnancies achieved by IVF. The intrauterine pregnancies ended in spontaneous abortions. The possibility of a heterotopic pregnancy needs to be considered when more than one embryo has been transferred in a cycle, especially when an inappropriately high serum b-human chorionic gonadotrophin concentration is associated with an ultrasound finding of singleton intrauterine pregnancy.