Unstable angina: ST segment depression with positive versus negative T wave deflections-Clinical course, ECG evolution, and angiographic correlation

Thirty-two consecutive patients who initially had horizontal or downward-sloping ST segment depression confined to the precordial leads were studied. Patients were divided into two groups: group A included 21 patients with horizontal or downward-sloping ST depression with peaked positive T waves, and group B comprised 11 patients with peaked negative T waves and downward or horizontal ST depression. The incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was similar (group A 38.1% vs group B 36.4%; p > 0.05). In-hospital mortality was much more significant in group B (p = 0.03). Coronary arteriography was performed in 31 patients. Of the 10 patients in group B who were catheterized, seven (70%) had left main occlusion. Of the 21 patients in group A, none had a significant left main lesion (p = 0.001), although eight (38.1%) had single-vessel disease (p = 0.05). Thus the ECG pattern of horizontal or downward-sloping ST depression passing into a peaked negative T wave identifies a subgroup of high-risk patients in whom the prognosis is poor once AMI occurs. Early catheterization is recommended when this ischemic pattern is apparent on the ECG.