ULTRASAT: A Wide-field Time-domain UV Space Telescope

Y. Shvartzvald; E. Waxman; A. Gal-Yam; E. O. Ofek; S. Ben-Ami; D. Berge; M. Kowalski; R. Bühler; S. Worm; J. E. Rhoads; I. Arcavi; D. Maoz; D. Polishook; N. Stone; B. Trakhtenbrot; M. Ackermann; O. Aharonson; O. Birnholtz; D. Chelouche; D. Guetta; N. Hallakoun; A. Horesh; D. Kushnir; T. Mazeh; J. Nordin; A. Ofir; S. Ohm; D. Parsons; A. Pe’er; H. B. Perets; V. Perdelwitz; D. Poznanski; I. Sadeh; I. Sagiv; S. Shahaf; M. Soumagnac; L. Tal-Or; J. Van Santen; B. Zackay; O. Guttman; P. Rekhi; A. Townsend; A. Weinstein; I. Wold

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad2704

ULTRASAT: A Wide-field Time-domain UV Space Telescope

Y. Shvartzvald^*, E. Waxman, A. Gal-Yam, E. O. Ofek, S. Ben-Ami, D. Berge, M. Kowalski, R. Bühler, S. Worm, J. E. Rhoads, I. Arcavi, D. Maoz, D. Polishook, N. Stone, B. Trakhtenbrot, M. Ackermann, O. Aharonson, O. Birnholtz, D. Chelouche, D. GuettaN. Hallakoun, A. Horesh, D. Kushnir, T. Mazeh, J. Nordin, A. Ofir, S. Ohm, D. Parsons, A. Pe’er, H. B. Perets, V. Perdelwitz, D. Poznanski, I. Sadeh, I. Sagiv, S. Shahaf, M. Soumagnac, L. Tal-Or, J. Van Santen, B. Zackay, O. Guttman, P. Rekhi, A. Townsend, A. Weinstein, I. Wold

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Physics and Astronomy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

The Ultraviolet Transient Astronomy Satellite (ULTRASAT) is scheduled to be launched to geostationary orbit in 2027. It will carry a telescope with an unprecedentedly large field of view (204 deg²) and near-ultraviolet (NUV; 230-290 nm) sensitivity (22.5 mag, 5σ, at 900 s). ULTRASAT will conduct the first wide-field survey of transient and variable NUV sources and will revolutionize our ability to study the hot transient Universe. It will explore a new parameter space in energy and timescale (months-long light curves with minutes cadence), with an extragalactic volume accessible for the discovery of transient sources that is >300 times larger than that of the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) and comparable to that of the Vera Rubin Observatory’s Legacy Survey of Space and Time. ULTRASAT data will be transmitted to the ground in real time, and transient alerts will be distributed to the community in <15 minutes, enabling vigorous ground-based follow up of ULTRASAT sources. ULTRASAT will also provide an all-sky NUV image to >23.5 AB mag, over 10 times deeper than the GALEX map. Two key science goals of ULTRASAT are the study of mergers of binaries involving neutron stars, and supernovae. With a large fraction (>50%) of the sky instantaneously accessible, fast (minutes) slewing capability, and a field of view that covers the error ellipses expected from gravitational-wave (GW) detectors beyond 2026, ULTRASAT will rapidly detect the electromagnetic emission following binary neutron star/neutron star-black hole mergers identified by GW detectors, and will provide continuous NUV light curves of the events. ULTRASAT will provide early (hour) detection and continuous high-cadence (minutes) NUV light curves for hundreds of core-collapse supernovae, including for rarer supernova progenitor types.

Original language	English
Article number	74
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	964
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad2704
State	Published - 1 Mar 2024

Funding

Funders	Funder number
Israeli Council for Higher Education Alon Fellowship
André Deloro Institute for Advanced Research in Space and Optics, The Helen Kimmel Center for Planetary Science
Schwartz
Israel Science Foundation
Council for Higher Education
Israeli Ministry of Science, Minerva
Reisman Collaborative Science Program
NSF-BSF
VATAT
Israel Ministry of Science
European Commission
Willner family foundation
IMOS
Willner Family Leadership Institute
German-Israeli Foundation for Scientific Research and Development
ISF GW Excellence Center
Weizmann-UK
European Research Council
André Deloro Institute
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme	725161, 1849/19, 950533, 852097
Azrieli Foundation	2565/19
United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation	2019772, 2020397
Horizon 2020	2752/19

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10.3847/1538-4357/ad2704

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Shvartzvald, Y., Waxman, E., Gal-Yam, A., Ofek, E. O., Ben-Ami, S., Berge, D., Kowalski, M., Bühler, R., Worm, S., Rhoads, J. E., Arcavi, I., Maoz, D., Polishook, D., Stone, N., Trakhtenbrot, B., Ackermann, M., Aharonson, O., Birnholtz, O., Chelouche, D., ... Wold, I. (2024). ULTRASAT: A Wide-field Time-domain UV Space Telescope. Astrophysical Journal, 964(1), Article 74. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad2704

@article{6454b9497b7548bd91da0f14985f7772,

title = "ULTRASAT: A Wide-field Time-domain UV Space Telescope",

abstract = "The Ultraviolet Transient Astronomy Satellite (ULTRASAT) is scheduled to be launched to geostationary orbit in 2027. It will carry a telescope with an unprecedentedly large field of view (204 deg2) and near-ultraviolet (NUV; 230-290 nm) sensitivity (22.5 mag, 5σ, at 900 s). ULTRASAT will conduct the first wide-field survey of transient and variable NUV sources and will revolutionize our ability to study the hot transient Universe. It will explore a new parameter space in energy and timescale (months-long light curves with minutes cadence), with an extragalactic volume accessible for the discovery of transient sources that is >300 times larger than that of the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) and comparable to that of the Vera Rubin Observatory{\textquoteright}s Legacy Survey of Space and Time. ULTRASAT data will be transmitted to the ground in real time, and transient alerts will be distributed to the community in <15 minutes, enabling vigorous ground-based follow up of ULTRASAT sources. ULTRASAT will also provide an all-sky NUV image to >23.5 AB mag, over 10 times deeper than the GALEX map. Two key science goals of ULTRASAT are the study of mergers of binaries involving neutron stars, and supernovae. With a large fraction (>50%) of the sky instantaneously accessible, fast (minutes) slewing capability, and a field of view that covers the error ellipses expected from gravitational-wave (GW) detectors beyond 2026, ULTRASAT will rapidly detect the electromagnetic emission following binary neutron star/neutron star-black hole mergers identified by GW detectors, and will provide continuous NUV light curves of the events. ULTRASAT will provide early (hour) detection and continuous high-cadence (minutes) NUV light curves for hundreds of core-collapse supernovae, including for rarer supernova progenitor types.",

author = "Y. Shvartzvald and E. Waxman and A. Gal-Yam and Ofek, {E. O.} and S. Ben-Ami and D. Berge and M. Kowalski and R. B{\"u}hler and S. Worm and Rhoads, {J. E.} and I. Arcavi and D. Maoz and D. Polishook and N. Stone and B. Trakhtenbrot and M. Ackermann and O. Aharonson and O. Birnholtz and D. Chelouche and D. Guetta and N. Hallakoun and A. Horesh and D. Kushnir and T. Mazeh and J. Nordin and A. Ofir and S. Ohm and D. Parsons and A. Pe{\textquoteright}er and Perets, {H. B.} and V. Perdelwitz and D. Poznanski and I. Sadeh and I. Sagiv and S. Shahaf and M. Soumagnac and L. Tal-Or and Santen, {J. Van} and B. Zackay and O. Guttman and P. Rekhi and A. Townsend and A. Weinstein and I. Wold",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.",

year = "2024",

month = mar,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/ad2704",

language = "אנגלית",

volume = "964",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "1",

}

Shvartzvald, Y, Waxman, E, Gal-Yam, A, Ofek, EO, Ben-Ami, S, Berge, D, Kowalski, M, Bühler, R, Worm, S, Rhoads, JE, Arcavi, I , Maoz, D, Polishook, D, Stone, N, Trakhtenbrot, B, Ackermann, M, Aharonson, O, Birnholtz, O, Chelouche, D, Guetta, D, Hallakoun, N, Horesh, A, Kushnir, D, Mazeh, T, Nordin, J, Ofir, A, Ohm, S, Parsons, D, Pe’er, A, Perets, HB, Perdelwitz, V, Poznanski, D, Sadeh, I, Sagiv, I, Shahaf, S, Soumagnac, M, Tal-Or, L, Santen, JV, Zackay, B, Guttman, O, Rekhi, P, Townsend, A, Weinstein, A & Wold, I 2024, 'ULTRASAT: A Wide-field Time-domain UV Space Telescope', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 964, no. 1, 74. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad2704

TY - JOUR

T1 - ULTRASAT

T2 - A Wide-field Time-domain UV Space Telescope

AU - Shvartzvald, Y.

AU - Waxman, E.

AU - Gal-Yam, A.

AU - Ofek, E. O.

AU - Ben-Ami, S.

AU - Berge, D.

AU - Kowalski, M.

AU - Bühler, R.

AU - Worm, S.

AU - Rhoads, J. E.

AU - Arcavi, I.

AU - Maoz, D.

AU - Polishook, D.

AU - Stone, N.

AU - Trakhtenbrot, B.

AU - Ackermann, M.

AU - Aharonson, O.

AU - Birnholtz, O.

AU - Chelouche, D.

AU - Guetta, D.

AU - Hallakoun, N.

AU - Horesh, A.

AU - Kushnir, D.

AU - Mazeh, T.

AU - Nordin, J.

AU - Ofir, A.

AU - Ohm, S.

AU - Parsons, D.

AU - Pe’er, A.

AU - Perets, H. B.

AU - Perdelwitz, V.

AU - Poznanski, D.

AU - Sadeh, I.

AU - Sagiv, I.

AU - Shahaf, S.

AU - Soumagnac, M.

AU - Tal-Or, L.

AU - Santen, J. Van

AU - Zackay, B.

AU - Guttman, O.

AU - Rekhi, P.

AU - Townsend, A.

AU - Weinstein, A.

AU - Wold, I.

PY - 2024/3/1

Y1 - 2024/3/1

N2 - The Ultraviolet Transient Astronomy Satellite (ULTRASAT) is scheduled to be launched to geostationary orbit in 2027. It will carry a telescope with an unprecedentedly large field of view (204 deg2) and near-ultraviolet (NUV; 230-290 nm) sensitivity (22.5 mag, 5σ, at 900 s). ULTRASAT will conduct the first wide-field survey of transient and variable NUV sources and will revolutionize our ability to study the hot transient Universe. It will explore a new parameter space in energy and timescale (months-long light curves with minutes cadence), with an extragalactic volume accessible for the discovery of transient sources that is >300 times larger than that of the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) and comparable to that of the Vera Rubin Observatory’s Legacy Survey of Space and Time. ULTRASAT data will be transmitted to the ground in real time, and transient alerts will be distributed to the community in <15 minutes, enabling vigorous ground-based follow up of ULTRASAT sources. ULTRASAT will also provide an all-sky NUV image to >23.5 AB mag, over 10 times deeper than the GALEX map. Two key science goals of ULTRASAT are the study of mergers of binaries involving neutron stars, and supernovae. With a large fraction (>50%) of the sky instantaneously accessible, fast (minutes) slewing capability, and a field of view that covers the error ellipses expected from gravitational-wave (GW) detectors beyond 2026, ULTRASAT will rapidly detect the electromagnetic emission following binary neutron star/neutron star-black hole mergers identified by GW detectors, and will provide continuous NUV light curves of the events. ULTRASAT will provide early (hour) detection and continuous high-cadence (minutes) NUV light curves for hundreds of core-collapse supernovae, including for rarer supernova progenitor types.

AB - The Ultraviolet Transient Astronomy Satellite (ULTRASAT) is scheduled to be launched to geostationary orbit in 2027. It will carry a telescope with an unprecedentedly large field of view (204 deg2) and near-ultraviolet (NUV; 230-290 nm) sensitivity (22.5 mag, 5σ, at 900 s). ULTRASAT will conduct the first wide-field survey of transient and variable NUV sources and will revolutionize our ability to study the hot transient Universe. It will explore a new parameter space in energy and timescale (months-long light curves with minutes cadence), with an extragalactic volume accessible for the discovery of transient sources that is >300 times larger than that of the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) and comparable to that of the Vera Rubin Observatory’s Legacy Survey of Space and Time. ULTRASAT data will be transmitted to the ground in real time, and transient alerts will be distributed to the community in <15 minutes, enabling vigorous ground-based follow up of ULTRASAT sources. ULTRASAT will also provide an all-sky NUV image to >23.5 AB mag, over 10 times deeper than the GALEX map. Two key science goals of ULTRASAT are the study of mergers of binaries involving neutron stars, and supernovae. With a large fraction (>50%) of the sky instantaneously accessible, fast (minutes) slewing capability, and a field of view that covers the error ellipses expected from gravitational-wave (GW) detectors beyond 2026, ULTRASAT will rapidly detect the electromagnetic emission following binary neutron star/neutron star-black hole mergers identified by GW detectors, and will provide continuous NUV light curves of the events. ULTRASAT will provide early (hour) detection and continuous high-cadence (minutes) NUV light curves for hundreds of core-collapse supernovae, including for rarer supernova progenitor types.

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ULTRASAT: A Wide-field Time-domain UV Space Telescope

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