TY - JOUR
T1 - Time series analysis of leg movements during freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease
T2 - Akinesia, rhyme or reason?
AU - Hausdorff, Jeffrey M.
AU - Balash, Y.
AU - Giladi, Nir
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by NIH grants AG-14100, HD-39838, RR-13622, and AG-08812.
PY - 2003/4/15
Y1 - 2003/4/15
N2 - We quantitatively characterized the fluctuations in the forces under the feet during freezing of gait (FOG) in 11 patients with advanced Parkinson's disease. FOG, a leading cause of falls and impaired functional independence, is a poorly understood debilitating phenomenon that is common among persons with advanced Parkinson's disease. During freezing, the feet are "glued" to the ground and the subject is unable to move forward despite effort in what has been described as an absence of movement. Using time series and fractal analysis methods, we found that FOG is not a frozen akinetic state, nor is freezing random, uncorrelated attempts at overcoming motor blockade. Instead, the forces under the feet oscillate in a fairly organized pattern. However, in contrast to walking and resting leg tremor, the spectrum was broadband and more complex. This complex movement pattern may reflect the activation of multiple networks during FOG.
AB - We quantitatively characterized the fluctuations in the forces under the feet during freezing of gait (FOG) in 11 patients with advanced Parkinson's disease. FOG, a leading cause of falls and impaired functional independence, is a poorly understood debilitating phenomenon that is common among persons with advanced Parkinson's disease. During freezing, the feet are "glued" to the ground and the subject is unable to move forward despite effort in what has been described as an absence of movement. Using time series and fractal analysis methods, we found that FOG is not a frozen akinetic state, nor is freezing random, uncorrelated attempts at overcoming motor blockade. Instead, the forces under the feet oscillate in a fairly organized pattern. However, in contrast to walking and resting leg tremor, the spectrum was broadband and more complex. This complex movement pattern may reflect the activation of multiple networks during FOG.
KW - Detrended fluctuation analysis
KW - Freezing of gait
KW - Parkinson's disease
KW - Spectral analysis
KW - Surrogate data
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0037445977&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/S0378-4371(02)01744-2
DO - 10.1016/S0378-4371(02)01744-2
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AN - SCOPUS:0037445977
SN - 0378-4371
VL - 321
SP - 565
EP - 570
JO - Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications
JF - Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications
IS - 3-4
ER -