TY - JOUR
T1 - Thyroid nodule characterization using Spectral Detector Computed Tomography (SDCT) in comparison to ultrasound
AU - Tal Tamir, Hila
AU - Stav, Dana
AU - Hadad, Yitzhac
AU - Kessner, Rivka
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2024/1
Y1 - 2024/1
N2 - Objective: To characterize thyroid nodules seen on Spectral Detector computed tomography (SDCT) in respect to their Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) category on Ultrasound (US). Methods: We included patients that underwent US examination for the evaluation of thyroid nodules and contrast-enhanced SDCT examination of the neck/thorax, between the years 2018–2020. The SDCT and US were performed within 6 months of each other. Only patients with a visible thyroid nodule on SDCT were included. Attenuation measurements of the nodules in Hounsfield units (HU) were performed on the conventional CT images, virtual non-contrast (VNC) images and virtual monoenergetic images of 40 keV and 100 keV. The Iodine concentration, spectral slope and enhancement estimation results of the nodules were measured. We compared the spectral results between two groups of nodules, according to the US report: TI-RADS 2–3 and TI-RADS 4–5 groups. Results: Thirty-eight nodules were included in the study, 22 nodules in the TI-RADS 2–3 group and 16 in the TI-RADS 4–5 group. The nodules of the TI-RADS 4–5 group had significantly higher Iodine concentration measurement, 4.6 ± 1.8 mg/ml, compared to 2.3 ± 1.2 mg/ml in the TI-RADS 2–3 group; significantly higher estimated enhancement, 3.9 ± 1.5, compared to 2.2 ± 0.7; and significantly higher calculated spectral slope, 5.6 ± 2.2 compared to 2.9 ± 1.5 (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Spectral results of SDCT may assist in differentiating intermediate-high risk (TI-RADS 4–5) from low risk (TI-RADS 2–3) thyroid nodules. Advances in knowledge: SDCT offers additional information for the characterization of thyroid nodules.
AB - Objective: To characterize thyroid nodules seen on Spectral Detector computed tomography (SDCT) in respect to their Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) category on Ultrasound (US). Methods: We included patients that underwent US examination for the evaluation of thyroid nodules and contrast-enhanced SDCT examination of the neck/thorax, between the years 2018–2020. The SDCT and US were performed within 6 months of each other. Only patients with a visible thyroid nodule on SDCT were included. Attenuation measurements of the nodules in Hounsfield units (HU) were performed on the conventional CT images, virtual non-contrast (VNC) images and virtual monoenergetic images of 40 keV and 100 keV. The Iodine concentration, spectral slope and enhancement estimation results of the nodules were measured. We compared the spectral results between two groups of nodules, according to the US report: TI-RADS 2–3 and TI-RADS 4–5 groups. Results: Thirty-eight nodules were included in the study, 22 nodules in the TI-RADS 2–3 group and 16 in the TI-RADS 4–5 group. The nodules of the TI-RADS 4–5 group had significantly higher Iodine concentration measurement, 4.6 ± 1.8 mg/ml, compared to 2.3 ± 1.2 mg/ml in the TI-RADS 2–3 group; significantly higher estimated enhancement, 3.9 ± 1.5, compared to 2.2 ± 0.7; and significantly higher calculated spectral slope, 5.6 ± 2.2 compared to 2.9 ± 1.5 (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Spectral results of SDCT may assist in differentiating intermediate-high risk (TI-RADS 4–5) from low risk (TI-RADS 2–3) thyroid nodules. Advances in knowledge: SDCT offers additional information for the characterization of thyroid nodules.
KW - Dual energy CT
KW - Spectral detector computed tomography
KW - Thyroid imaging reporting and data system
KW - Thyroid nodule
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85182501404&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ejrad.2023.111213
DO - 10.1016/j.ejrad.2023.111213
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C2 - 38006615
AN - SCOPUS:85182501404
SN - 0720-048X
VL - 170
JO - European Journal of Radiology
JF - European Journal of Radiology
M1 - 111213
ER -