Thyroid gland involvement in advanced laryngeal cancer: Association with clinical and pathologic characteristics

Background. Indications for thyroidectomy during laryngectomy are controversial. We examined whether clinicopathologic features can predict thyroid gland involvement, and the prognostic effect of thyroid gland involvement in patients undergoing total laryngectomy. Methods. The study set out to review preoperative assessment, operation findings, pathologic findings, and follow-up data. Results. Thyroid gland involvement was found in 11 of 53 patients (21%) undergoing total laryngectomy and thyroidectomy. Preoperative work-up failed to predict thyroid gland involvement. Thyroid gland involvement was associated with salvage procedures (p =.025), paratracheal metastases (p =.003), and poor overall survival (hazard ratio = 2.74, p =.008). Conclusions. Thyroid gland involvement in patients undergoing total laryngectomy is frequent and is associated with poor prognosis. Preoperative assessment failed to predict thyroid gland involvement. We believe that thyroidectomy should be considered in cases with paratracheal lymphatic spread irrespective of tumor location within the larynx.