The smaller firstborn: exploring the association of parity and fetal growth

Ben Melamed, Amir Aviram, Moshe Barg, Elad Mei-Dan*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the association of parity with a range of neonatal anthropometric measurements in a cohort of uncomplicated term singleton pregnancies. Methods: Retrospective cohort study of patients with a singleton term birth at a single tertiary center (2014–2020) was carried out. The primary exposure was parity. The following neonatal anthropometric measures were considered: birthweight, head circumference, length, ponderal index, and neonatal body mass index (BMI). Results: A total of 8134 patients met the study criteria, 1949 (24.0%) of whom were nulliparous. Compared with multiparous patients, infants of nulliparous patients had a lower mean percentile for birthweight (43.1 ± 26.4 vs. 48.3 ± 26.8 percentile, p < 0.001), head circumference (44.3 ± 26.4 vs. 48.1 ± 25.5 percentile, p < 0.001), length (52.6 ± 25.1 vs. 55.5 ± 24.6 percentile, p < 0.001), ponderal index (34.4 ± 24.0 vs. 37.6 ± 24.2 percentile, p < 0.001), and BMI (39.1 ± 27.1 vs. 43.9 ± 27.3 percentile, p < 0.001). In addition, infants of nulliparous patients had higher odds of having a small (< 10th percentile for gestational age) birthweight (aOR 1.32 [95% CI 1.12–1.56]), head circumference (aOR 1.54 [95% CI 1.29–1.84]), length (aOR 1.50 [95% CI 1.16–1.94]), ponderal index (aOR 1.30 [95% CI 1.12–1.51]), and body mass index (aOR 1.42 [95% CI 1.22–1.65]). Most neonatal anthropometric measures increased with parity until a parity of 2, where it seemed to reach a plateau. Conclusion: Parity has an independent impact on a wide range of neonatal anthropometric measures, suggesting that parity is associated with both fetal skeletal growth and body composition. In addition, the association of parity with fetal growth does not follow a continuous relationship but instead reaches a plateau after the second pregnancy.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)93-102
Number of pages10
JournalArchives of Gynecology and Obstetrics
Volume310
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 2024
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Growth
  • Multiparity
  • Nulliparity
  • Parity
  • Vascular
  • Vascularity
  • Weight

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