The Simplified Comorbidity Index: a new tool for prediction of nonrelapse mortality in allo-HCT

Roni Shouval*, Joshua A. Fein, Christina Cho, Scott T. Avecilla, Josel Ruiz, Ana Alarcon Tomas, Miriam Sanchez-Escamilla, Nerea Castillo Flores, Lucrecia Yañez, Juliet N. Barker, Parastoo Dahi, Sergio A. Giralt, Alexander I. Geyer, Boglarka Gyurkocza, Ann A. Jakubowski, Richard J. Lin, Richard J. O’Reilly, Esperanza B. Papadopoulos, Ioannis Politikos, Doris M. PonceCraig S. Sauter, Miccohael Scordo, Brian Shaffer, Gunjan L. Shah, James P. Sullivan, Roni Tamari, Marcel R.M. van den Brink, James W. Young, Arnon Nagler, Sean Devlin, Avichai Shimoni, Miguel Angel Perales*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

20 Scopus citations

Abstract

Individual comorbidities have distinct contributions to nonrelapse mortality (NRM) following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). We studied the impact of comorbidities individually and in combination in a single-center cohort of 573 adult patients who underwent CD34-selected allo-HCT following myeloablative conditioning. Pulmonary disease, moderate to severe hepatic comorbidity, cardiac disease of any type, and renal dysfunction were associated with increased NRM in multivariable Cox regression models. A Simplified Comorbidity Index (SCI) composed of the 4 comorbidities predictive of NRM, as well as age >60 years, stratified patients into 5 groups with a stepwise increase in NRM. NRM rates ranged from 11.4% to 49.9% by stratum, with adjusted hazard ratios of 1.84, 2.59, 3.57, and 5.38. The SCI was also applicable in an external cohort of 230 patients who underwent allo-HCT with unmanipulated grafts following intermediate-intensity conditioning. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the SCI for 1-year NRM was 70.3 and 72.0 over the development and external-validation cohorts, respectively; corresponding AUCs of the Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation–specific Comorbidity Index (HCT-CI) were 61.7 and 65.7. In summary, a small set of comorbidities, aggregated into the SCI, is highly predictive of NRM. The new index stratifies patients into distinct risk groups, was validated in an external cohort, and provides higher discrimination than does the HCT-CI.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1525-1535
Number of pages11
JournalBlood advances
Volume6
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - 8 Mar 2022

Funding

FundersFunder number
National Cancer InstituteP30CA008748
National Cancer Institute

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