TY - JOUR
T1 - The fluid membrane determines mechanics of erythrocyte extracellular vesicles and is softened in hereditary spherocytosis
AU - Vorselen, Daan
AU - van Dommelen, Susan M.
AU - Sorkin, Raya
AU - Piontek, Melissa C.
AU - Schiller, Jürgen
AU - Döpp, Sander T.
AU - Kooijmans, Sander A.A.
AU - van Oirschot, Brigitte A.
AU - Versluijs, Birgitta A.
AU - Bierings, Marc B.
AU - van Wijk, Richard
AU - Schiffelers, Raymond M.
AU - Wuite, Gijs J.L.
AU - Roos, Wouter H.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018, The Author(s).
PY - 2018/12/1
Y1 - 2018/12/1
N2 - Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are widely studied regarding their role in cell-to-cell communication and disease, as well as for applications as biomarkers or drug delivery vehicles. EVs contain membrane and intraluminal proteins, affecting their structure and thereby likely their functioning. Here, we use atomic force microscopy for mechanical characterization of erythrocyte, or red blood cell (RBC), EVs from healthy individuals and from patients with hereditary spherocytosis (HS) due to ankyrin deficiency. While these EVs are packed with proteins, their response to indentation resembles that of fluid liposomes lacking proteins. The bending modulus of RBC EVs of healthy donors is ~15 kbT, similar to the RBC membrane. Surprisingly, whereas RBCs become more rigid in HS, patient EVs have a significantly (~40%) lower bending modulus than donor EVs. These results shed light on the mechanism and effects of EV budding and might explain the reported increase in vesiculation of RBCs in HS patients.
AB - Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are widely studied regarding their role in cell-to-cell communication and disease, as well as for applications as biomarkers or drug delivery vehicles. EVs contain membrane and intraluminal proteins, affecting their structure and thereby likely their functioning. Here, we use atomic force microscopy for mechanical characterization of erythrocyte, or red blood cell (RBC), EVs from healthy individuals and from patients with hereditary spherocytosis (HS) due to ankyrin deficiency. While these EVs are packed with proteins, their response to indentation resembles that of fluid liposomes lacking proteins. The bending modulus of RBC EVs of healthy donors is ~15 kbT, similar to the RBC membrane. Surprisingly, whereas RBCs become more rigid in HS, patient EVs have a significantly (~40%) lower bending modulus than donor EVs. These results shed light on the mechanism and effects of EV budding and might explain the reported increase in vesiculation of RBCs in HS patients.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85057079300&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/s41467-018-07445-x
DO - 10.1038/s41467-018-07445-x
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C2 - 30470753
AN - SCOPUS:85057079300
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 9
JO - Nature Communications
JF - Nature Communications
IS - 1
M1 - 4960
ER -