The effect of selective gut stimulation on glucose metabolism after gastric bypass in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat model

Hideharu Shimizu; Shai Eldar; Helen M. Heneghan; Philip R. Schauer; John P. Kirwan; Stacy A. Brethauer

doi:10.1016/j.soard.2013.01.021

The effect of selective gut stimulation on glucose metabolism after gastric bypass in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat model

Hideharu Shimizu, Shai Eldar, Helen M. Heneghan, Philip R. Schauer, John P. Kirwan, Stacy A. Brethauer^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

29 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Potential mechanisms underlying the antidiabetic effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) include altered nutrient exposure in the gut. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of selective gut stimulation on glucose metabolism in an obese diabetic rat model. Methods: Sixteen male Zucker diabetic fatty rats were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: RYGB with gastrostomy tube (GT) insertion into the excluded stomach or a control group with GT insertion into the stomach. An insulin tolerance test (ITT), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT) were performed before and 14-28 days after surgery. A glucose tolerance test via GT (GTT-GT) and MMTT via GT were performed postoperatively. Results: Postoperatively, the RYGB group had significant decreases in weight and food intake. Both the ITT and OGTT tests revealed significantly improved glucose tolerance after RYGB. The GTT-GT showed a reversal of the improved glucose tolerance in the RYGB group. In response to meal stimulation, postoperatively, the RYGB group increased glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) secretion via the oral route and peptide YY secretion by both oral and GT routes. Conclusion: When foregut exposure to nutrients was reversed after RYGB, the improvement in glucose metabolism was abrogated. This model can be extended to identify the role of gut in glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetes.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	29-35
Number of pages	7
Journal	Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases
Volume	10
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soard.2013.01.021
State	Published - Jan 2014
Externally published	Yes

Funding

Funders	Funder number
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences	UL1TR000439
Cleveland Clinic	2010-1009

Keywords

Gastrointestinal hormones
Insulin resistance
Obesity
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
Type 2 diabetes

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.soard.2013.01.021

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title = "The effect of selective gut stimulation on glucose metabolism after gastric bypass in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat model",

abstract = "Background: Potential mechanisms underlying the antidiabetic effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) include altered nutrient exposure in the gut. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of selective gut stimulation on glucose metabolism in an obese diabetic rat model. Methods: Sixteen male Zucker diabetic fatty rats were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: RYGB with gastrostomy tube (GT) insertion into the excluded stomach or a control group with GT insertion into the stomach. An insulin tolerance test (ITT), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT) were performed before and 14-28 days after surgery. A glucose tolerance test via GT (GTT-GT) and MMTT via GT were performed postoperatively. Results: Postoperatively, the RYGB group had significant decreases in weight and food intake. Both the ITT and OGTT tests revealed significantly improved glucose tolerance after RYGB. The GTT-GT showed a reversal of the improved glucose tolerance in the RYGB group. In response to meal stimulation, postoperatively, the RYGB group increased glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) secretion via the oral route and peptide YY secretion by both oral and GT routes. Conclusion: When foregut exposure to nutrients was reversed after RYGB, the improvement in glucose metabolism was abrogated. This model can be extended to identify the role of gut in glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetes.",

keywords = "Gastrointestinal hormones, Insulin resistance, Obesity, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, Type 2 diabetes",

author = "Hideharu Shimizu and Shai Eldar and Heneghan, {Helen M.} and Schauer, {Philip R.} and Kirwan, {John P.} and Brethauer, {Stacy A.}",

note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by internal funding from Cleveland Clinic Research Program Committee Grant (#2010-1009). ",

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AU - Heneghan, Helen M.

AU - Schauer, Philip R.

AU - Kirwan, John P.

AU - Brethauer, Stacy A.

N1 - Funding Information: This research was supported by internal funding from Cleveland Clinic Research Program Committee Grant (#2010-1009).

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N2 - Background: Potential mechanisms underlying the antidiabetic effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) include altered nutrient exposure in the gut. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of selective gut stimulation on glucose metabolism in an obese diabetic rat model. Methods: Sixteen male Zucker diabetic fatty rats were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: RYGB with gastrostomy tube (GT) insertion into the excluded stomach or a control group with GT insertion into the stomach. An insulin tolerance test (ITT), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT) were performed before and 14-28 days after surgery. A glucose tolerance test via GT (GTT-GT) and MMTT via GT were performed postoperatively. Results: Postoperatively, the RYGB group had significant decreases in weight and food intake. Both the ITT and OGTT tests revealed significantly improved glucose tolerance after RYGB. The GTT-GT showed a reversal of the improved glucose tolerance in the RYGB group. In response to meal stimulation, postoperatively, the RYGB group increased glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) secretion via the oral route and peptide YY secretion by both oral and GT routes. Conclusion: When foregut exposure to nutrients was reversed after RYGB, the improvement in glucose metabolism was abrogated. This model can be extended to identify the role of gut in glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetes.

AB - Background: Potential mechanisms underlying the antidiabetic effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) include altered nutrient exposure in the gut. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of selective gut stimulation on glucose metabolism in an obese diabetic rat model. Methods: Sixteen male Zucker diabetic fatty rats were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: RYGB with gastrostomy tube (GT) insertion into the excluded stomach or a control group with GT insertion into the stomach. An insulin tolerance test (ITT), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT) were performed before and 14-28 days after surgery. A glucose tolerance test via GT (GTT-GT) and MMTT via GT were performed postoperatively. Results: Postoperatively, the RYGB group had significant decreases in weight and food intake. Both the ITT and OGTT tests revealed significantly improved glucose tolerance after RYGB. The GTT-GT showed a reversal of the improved glucose tolerance in the RYGB group. In response to meal stimulation, postoperatively, the RYGB group increased glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) secretion via the oral route and peptide YY secretion by both oral and GT routes. Conclusion: When foregut exposure to nutrients was reversed after RYGB, the improvement in glucose metabolism was abrogated. This model can be extended to identify the role of gut in glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetes.

KW - Gastrointestinal hormones

KW - Insulin resistance

KW - Obesity

KW - Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

KW - Type 2 diabetes

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The effect of selective gut stimulation on glucose metabolism after gastric bypass in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat model

Abstract

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Keywords

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