TY - JOUR
T1 - The effect of post-COVID-19 on gustatory and olfactory function
T2 - A preliminary case-controlled study
AU - Livni, Dror
AU - Grinstein-Koren, Osnat
AU - Zlotogorski-Hurvitz, Ayelet
AU - Reiter, Shoshana
AU - Winocour-Arias, Orit
AU - Edel, Jeremy
AU - Goldman, Yuli
AU - Vered, Marilena
AU - Choshen, Guy
AU - Rahamim-Cohen, Daniella
AU - Shapiro-Ben David, Shirley
AU - Kaplan, Ilana
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
PY - 2024/4
Y1 - 2024/4
N2 - Aims: The aim of the study was to analyze objective and subjective olfactory/gustatory function in post-COVID-19 infection (PCI). Materials and Methods: Patients with past PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection and persistent olfactory/gustatory complaints were investigated. Olfactory threshold and identification, gustatory detection, identification, and magnitude scaling were tested. Results: A total of 42 PCI subjects were compared to 41 age- and gender-matched controls with no COVID-19 history. All PCI tested had mild COVID-19 disease. Mean interval between COVID-19 confirmations to testing was 7.4 ± 3.1 months. PCI subjects complained of combined dysfunction in 85.7%, isolated olfactory or gustatory dysfunction in 7.1% each. Combined complaints were significantly higher in PCI (p < 0.001). Objective testing showed significantly higher prevalence of dysfunction in PCI versus controls for hyposmia (73.8%, 12.2%), anosmia (11.9%, 0%), odor identification (68.5%, 83.0%), hypogeusia (23% and 2.4%, respectively), and impaired magnitude scaling, (p < 0.05). All PCI subjects with hypogeusia had abnormal gustatory magnitude scaling. Conclusions: While most PCI subjects complained of combined gustatory and olfactory dysfunction, objective testing showed in the majority an isolated single sense dysfunction, with a low level of agreement between subjective and objective findings. Abnormal objective results for all olfactory and gustatory functions tested may suggest a central rather than peripheral mechanism, although concomitant mechanisms cannot be excluded.
AB - Aims: The aim of the study was to analyze objective and subjective olfactory/gustatory function in post-COVID-19 infection (PCI). Materials and Methods: Patients with past PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection and persistent olfactory/gustatory complaints were investigated. Olfactory threshold and identification, gustatory detection, identification, and magnitude scaling were tested. Results: A total of 42 PCI subjects were compared to 41 age- and gender-matched controls with no COVID-19 history. All PCI tested had mild COVID-19 disease. Mean interval between COVID-19 confirmations to testing was 7.4 ± 3.1 months. PCI subjects complained of combined dysfunction in 85.7%, isolated olfactory or gustatory dysfunction in 7.1% each. Combined complaints were significantly higher in PCI (p < 0.001). Objective testing showed significantly higher prevalence of dysfunction in PCI versus controls for hyposmia (73.8%, 12.2%), anosmia (11.9%, 0%), odor identification (68.5%, 83.0%), hypogeusia (23% and 2.4%, respectively), and impaired magnitude scaling, (p < 0.05). All PCI subjects with hypogeusia had abnormal gustatory magnitude scaling. Conclusions: While most PCI subjects complained of combined gustatory and olfactory dysfunction, objective testing showed in the majority an isolated single sense dysfunction, with a low level of agreement between subjective and objective findings. Abnormal objective results for all olfactory and gustatory functions tested may suggest a central rather than peripheral mechanism, although concomitant mechanisms cannot be excluded.
KW - COVID-19
KW - dysfunction
KW - gustatory
KW - olfactory
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85152060663&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/odi.14567
DO - 10.1111/odi.14567
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C2 - 36929202
AN - SCOPUS:85152060663
SN - 1354-523X
VL - 30
SP - 1669
EP - 1679
JO - Oral Diseases
JF - Oral Diseases
IS - 3
ER -