TY - JOUR
T1 - The Charge Non-Conservation Paradox Implied by Loss Free Resistors
AU - Barbi, Ivo
AU - Singer, Sigmund
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2004-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2024/6/1
Y1 - 2024/6/1
N2 - The purpose of this paper is to investigate a paradox in which electrical charges appear not to be conserved when two identical capacitors with unequal initial electrical charges are connected by a loss free resistor (LFR). The theoretical analyses were based on the basic LFR model, the results of that analysis were verified by experimentation of a circuit in which the loss free resistor was realized by means of a PWM converter operated in the DCM mode. The paradox presentation, its solution and rectification by the remodeling of the real capacitive element, applying a new, extended formula for its charge calculation are some of the novelties included in the paper. Use of power conservative two port networks in systems such as capacitive converters, regenerative voltage clamping circuits and capacitive energy storage systems for efficiency increase is the practical implication of the research results. Since operation of that systems implies such paradox, its rectification removes all doubt regarding their functioning.
AB - The purpose of this paper is to investigate a paradox in which electrical charges appear not to be conserved when two identical capacitors with unequal initial electrical charges are connected by a loss free resistor (LFR). The theoretical analyses were based on the basic LFR model, the results of that analysis were verified by experimentation of a circuit in which the loss free resistor was realized by means of a PWM converter operated in the DCM mode. The paradox presentation, its solution and rectification by the remodeling of the real capacitive element, applying a new, extended formula for its charge calculation are some of the novelties included in the paper. Use of power conservative two port networks in systems such as capacitive converters, regenerative voltage clamping circuits and capacitive energy storage systems for efficiency increase is the practical implication of the research results. Since operation of that systems implies such paradox, its rectification removes all doubt regarding their functioning.
KW - Charge conservation law
KW - charge non conservation paradox
KW - dc-dc converter
KW - discontinuous-conduction mode
KW - loss-free resistor (LFR)
KW - power conservation two port networks
KW - series loss-free resistor (SLFR)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85189359879&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/TCSI.2024.3376556
DO - 10.1109/TCSI.2024.3376556
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AN - SCOPUS:85189359879
SN - 1549-8328
VL - 71
SP - 2623
EP - 2631
JO - IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers
JF - IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers
IS - 6
ER -