TY - JOUR
T1 - The Association Between Exposure to Low Magnesium Blood Levels After Renal Transplantation and Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality
AU - Lahav, Itay
AU - Steinmetz, Tali
AU - Molcho, Maya
AU - Lev, Neta
AU - Agur, Timna
AU - Nesher, Eviatar
AU - Rozen-Zvi, Benaya
AU - Rahamimov, Ruth
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright © 2021 Lahav, Steinmetz, Molcho, Lev, Agur, Nesher, Rozen-Zvi and Rahamimov.
PY - 2021/7/12
Y1 - 2021/7/12
N2 - Background: Serum magnesium levels are associated with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in the general population and chronic kidney disease patients, but the association between serum magnesium levels and cardiovascular risk after kidney transplantation is not established. We sought to evaluate whether exposure to low serum magnesium levels after renal transplantation is related to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Methods: We conducted a single center retrospective study that included all transplanted patients who had a functioning graft for at least 6 months after transplantation between January 2001 and December 2013. We calculated exposure to magnesium using time weighted average for serum magnesium levels, using all values available during the follow-up. Several statistical methods were used, including liner regression analysis, χ2 test, and multivariate Cox proportional hazard model. Results: Four hundred ninety-eight patients were included. Median follow-up was 5.26 years. High time weighted average of serum magnesium was associated with a hazard ratio of 1.94 for all-cause mortality and major cardiovascular outcome compared to low levels (95% CI 1.18–3.19, p = 0.009). The high quartile of time weighted average of serum magnesium was associated with death censored major cardiovascular outcome (hazard ratio 2.13, 95% CI 1.17–3.86, p = 0.013) in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Exposure to low serum magnesium levels in renal transplant recipients was associated with a lower risk for all-cause mortality and major cardiovascular outcome. These findings contrast the higher risk found in the general population.
AB - Background: Serum magnesium levels are associated with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in the general population and chronic kidney disease patients, but the association between serum magnesium levels and cardiovascular risk after kidney transplantation is not established. We sought to evaluate whether exposure to low serum magnesium levels after renal transplantation is related to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Methods: We conducted a single center retrospective study that included all transplanted patients who had a functioning graft for at least 6 months after transplantation between January 2001 and December 2013. We calculated exposure to magnesium using time weighted average for serum magnesium levels, using all values available during the follow-up. Several statistical methods were used, including liner regression analysis, χ2 test, and multivariate Cox proportional hazard model. Results: Four hundred ninety-eight patients were included. Median follow-up was 5.26 years. High time weighted average of serum magnesium was associated with a hazard ratio of 1.94 for all-cause mortality and major cardiovascular outcome compared to low levels (95% CI 1.18–3.19, p = 0.009). The high quartile of time weighted average of serum magnesium was associated with death censored major cardiovascular outcome (hazard ratio 2.13, 95% CI 1.17–3.86, p = 0.013) in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Exposure to low serum magnesium levels in renal transplant recipients was associated with a lower risk for all-cause mortality and major cardiovascular outcome. These findings contrast the higher risk found in the general population.
KW - cardiovascular outcomes
KW - magnesium
KW - mortality
KW - renal function
KW - renal transplantation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85111343983&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fmed.2021.690273
DO - 10.3389/fmed.2021.690273
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C2 - 34322504
AN - SCOPUS:85111343983
SN - 2296-858X
VL - 8
JO - Frontiers in Medicine
JF - Frontiers in Medicine
M1 - 690273
ER -