TY - JOUR
T1 - Temporary-tattoo for long-term high fidelity biopotential recordings
AU - Bareket, Lilach
AU - Inzelberg, Lilah
AU - Rand, David
AU - David-Pur, Moshe
AU - Rabinovich, David
AU - Brandes, Barak
AU - Hanein, Yael
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge the support of a grant by the MAGNET program of the Israeli Ministry of Economy OCS through the BSMT project and partial support through an ERC grant (Funmania).
PY - 2016/5/12
Y1 - 2016/5/12
N2 - Electromyography is a non-invasive method widely used to map muscle activation. For decades, it was commonly accepted that dry metallic electrodes establish poor electrode-skin contact, making them impractical for skin electromyography applications. Gelled electrodes are therefore the standard in electromyography with their use confined, almost entirely, to laboratory settings. Here we present novel dry electrodes, exhibiting outstanding electromyography recording along with excellent user comfort. The electrodes were realized using screen-printing of carbon ink on a soft support. The conformity of the electrodes helps establish direct contact with the skin, making the use of a gel superfluous. Plasma polymerized 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene was used to enhance the impedance of the electrodes. Cyclic voltammetry measurements revealed an increase in electrode capacitance by a factor of up to 100 in wet conditions. Impedance measurements show a reduction factor of 10 in electrode impedance on human skin. The suitability of the electrodes for long-term electromyography recordings from the hand and from the face is demonstrated. The presented electrodes are ideally-suited for many applications, such as brain-machine interfacing, muscle diagnostics, post-injury rehabilitation, and gaming.
AB - Electromyography is a non-invasive method widely used to map muscle activation. For decades, it was commonly accepted that dry metallic electrodes establish poor electrode-skin contact, making them impractical for skin electromyography applications. Gelled electrodes are therefore the standard in electromyography with their use confined, almost entirely, to laboratory settings. Here we present novel dry electrodes, exhibiting outstanding electromyography recording along with excellent user comfort. The electrodes were realized using screen-printing of carbon ink on a soft support. The conformity of the electrodes helps establish direct contact with the skin, making the use of a gel superfluous. Plasma polymerized 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene was used to enhance the impedance of the electrodes. Cyclic voltammetry measurements revealed an increase in electrode capacitance by a factor of up to 100 in wet conditions. Impedance measurements show a reduction factor of 10 in electrode impedance on human skin. The suitability of the electrodes for long-term electromyography recordings from the hand and from the face is demonstrated. The presented electrodes are ideally-suited for many applications, such as brain-machine interfacing, muscle diagnostics, post-injury rehabilitation, and gaming.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84968627038&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/srep25727
DO - 10.1038/srep25727
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AN - SCOPUS:84968627038
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 6
JO - Scientific Reports
JF - Scientific Reports
M1 - 25727
ER -