@article{4688453d6e5f4b25a7f9392726b568bd,
title = "Targeting TGF-β signaling in cancer",
abstract = "Introduction: The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway has a pivotal role in tumor suppression and yet, paradoxically, in tumor promotion. Functional context dependent insights into the TGF-β pathway are crucial in developing TGF-β-based therapeutics for cancer. Areas covered: This review discusses the molecular mechanism of the TGF-β pathway and describes the different ways of tumor suppression by TGF-β. It is then explained how tumors can evade these effects and how TGF-β contributes to further growing and spreading of some of the tumors. In the last part of the review, the data on targeting TGF-β pathway for cancer treatment is assessed. This review focuses on anti-TGF-β based treatment and other options targeting activated pathways in tumors where the TGF-β tumor suppressor pathway is lost. Pre-clinical as well up to date results of the most recent clinical trials are given. Expert opinion: Targeting the TGF-β pathway can be a promising direction in cancer treatment. However, several challenges still exist, the most important are differentiating between the carcinogenic effects of TGF-β and its other physiological roles, and delineating the tumor suppressive versus the tumor promoting roles of TGF-β in each specific tumor. Future studies are needed in order to find safer and more effective TGF-β-based drugs.",
keywords = "Cancer, TGF-β, Tumor promotion, Tumor suppression",
author = "Katz, {Lior H.} and Ying Li and Chen, {Jiun Sheng} and Mu{\~n}oz, {Nina M.} and Avijit Majumdar and Jian Chen and Lopa Mishra",
note = "Funding Information: Grant Support: NIH grants RO1 CA106614 (L Mishra), RO1 CA042857 (L Mishra), PO1 CA130821 (L Mishra), RC2 AA019392 (H Tsukamoto, L Mishra), Multidisciplinary Research Program (MRP) Proposal (L Mishra), Science & Technology Acquisition and Retention Funding (STARs) (L Mishra), P30 CA016672 (R DePinho), P30 DK56338 (M Estes). The authors state no conflict of interest and have received no payment in preparation of this manuscript.",
year = "2013",
month = jul,
doi = "10.1517/14728222.2013.782287",
language = "אנגלית",
volume = "17",
pages = "743--760",
journal = "Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets",
issn = "1472-8222",
publisher = "Taylor and Francis Ltd.",
number = "7",
}