TY - JOUR
T1 - 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in methamphetamine dependence and methamphetamine induced psychosis
AU - Howells, Fleur M.
AU - Uhlmann, Anne
AU - Temmingh, Henk
AU - Sinclair, Heidi
AU - Meintjes, Ernesta
AU - Wilson, Don
AU - Stein, Dan J.
PY - 2014/3
Y1 - 2014/3
N2 - Background: Methamphetamine (MA) use has been shown to decrease n-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), a marker of neuronal integrity and viability, on 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). However, little work has compared 1H-MRS in MA dependent individuals and MA dependent individuals with MA induced psychotic disorder (MAP). Methods: Twenty six participants with MA dependence (sixteen without psychosis, ten with psychosis - MAP) and nineteen healthy controls underwent 2D-chemical shift imaging 1H-MRS, which included voxels in the anterior cingulate cortices (ACC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (DLPFC), and frontal white matter. We compared metabolite concentrations relative to phosphocreatine+creatine (PCr+Cr) for n-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), n-acetyl-aspartate+n-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAA+NAAG), glutamate (Glu), glutamate+glutamine (Glu+Gln), myo-inositol, and glycerophosphocholine+phosphocholine (GPC+PCh) across groups. Results: The MA groups showed significantly decreased relative NAA metabolite concentrations for right ACC and right DLPFC, compared with control group. The MA dependent group only showed significantly decreased choline metabolites for right DLPFC, compared with control group. The MAP group's relative NAA metabolite concentrations were significantly correlated with age of initial use and duration of MA use, these correlates were not apparent in MA dependent group. Conclusion: MA use is associated with decreased neuronal integrity and viability, specifically in the right ACC and right DLPFC. MA dependence showed active neurodegeneration in the right DLPFC, this was not apparent in the MAP group and may be related to the use of antipsychotic medication in the MAP group. The effects of MA use in MAP suggest that age of initial use presents a mismatch of neuronal plasticity, in frontal white vs. gray matter and duration of use relates to decreased neuronal integrity and viability. Further study is warranted from this initial study of 1H-MRS in MAP, in particular longitudinal assessment of these individuals both neurobiologically (1H-MRS) and clinically - to determine disease progression.
AB - Background: Methamphetamine (MA) use has been shown to decrease n-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), a marker of neuronal integrity and viability, on 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). However, little work has compared 1H-MRS in MA dependent individuals and MA dependent individuals with MA induced psychotic disorder (MAP). Methods: Twenty six participants with MA dependence (sixteen without psychosis, ten with psychosis - MAP) and nineteen healthy controls underwent 2D-chemical shift imaging 1H-MRS, which included voxels in the anterior cingulate cortices (ACC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (DLPFC), and frontal white matter. We compared metabolite concentrations relative to phosphocreatine+creatine (PCr+Cr) for n-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), n-acetyl-aspartate+n-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAA+NAAG), glutamate (Glu), glutamate+glutamine (Glu+Gln), myo-inositol, and glycerophosphocholine+phosphocholine (GPC+PCh) across groups. Results: The MA groups showed significantly decreased relative NAA metabolite concentrations for right ACC and right DLPFC, compared with control group. The MA dependent group only showed significantly decreased choline metabolites for right DLPFC, compared with control group. The MAP group's relative NAA metabolite concentrations were significantly correlated with age of initial use and duration of MA use, these correlates were not apparent in MA dependent group. Conclusion: MA use is associated with decreased neuronal integrity and viability, specifically in the right ACC and right DLPFC. MA dependence showed active neurodegeneration in the right DLPFC, this was not apparent in the MAP group and may be related to the use of antipsychotic medication in the MAP group. The effects of MA use in MAP suggest that age of initial use presents a mismatch of neuronal plasticity, in frontal white vs. gray matter and duration of use relates to decreased neuronal integrity and viability. Further study is warranted from this initial study of 1H-MRS in MAP, in particular longitudinal assessment of these individuals both neurobiologically (1H-MRS) and clinically - to determine disease progression.
KW - Anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)
KW - Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)
KW - Frontal white matter
KW - Methamphetamine (MA)
KW - N-Acetyl-aspartate (NAA)
KW - Psychosis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84895788524&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.schres.2014.01.029
DO - 10.1016/j.schres.2014.01.029
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C2 - 24529366
AN - SCOPUS:84895788524
SN - 0920-9964
VL - 153
SP - 122
EP - 128
JO - Schizophrenia Research
JF - Schizophrenia Research
IS - 1-3
ER -
