ST segment depression in lateral limb leads in inferior wall acute myocardial infarction. Implications regarding the culprit artery and the site of obstruction

We examined whether the pattern of ST segment depression in lateral leads (I, aVL, V₅, V₆) in the initial electrocardiogram of patients (n = 88) with inferior wall acute myocardial infarction (ST segment elevation of ≥ 1 mm in ≥ 2 inferior leads) correlates with the site of obstruction, as determined angiographically during acute hospitalization. Of the 62 patients in which the culprit artery could be determined unequivocally, in 46 the culprit artery was the right coronary artery (20 proximal to the first right ventricular branch and 26 distal), and in 16 the left circumflex coronary artery (seven proximal to the first marginal branch or involving a high first marginal branch, and nine with distal obstruction). Significant ST segment depression (ST ≥ 1 mm) in leads I and aVL was more common in right coronary artery obstruction (P < 0.05 and P < 0.0001, respectively). The absence of significant ST segment depression in lead a VL was most common in proximal circumflex obstruction (P < 0.0001), with a similar trend for lead I (P < 0.11). ST segment depression patterns in leads V₅ and V₆ were not indicative of the infarct-related artery or the site of obstruction. Thus, significant ST segment depression in leads I and aVL indicates light coronary artery-associated inferior wall acute myocardial infarction with a sensitivity of 70% and 100%, and a specificity of 63% and 38%, respectively, whereas the lack of ST segment depression in these leads indicates proximal circumflex obstruction with a sensitivity of 71% and 86%, and a specificity of 65% and 100%, respectively.