Solid batteries chemistries beyond lithium

Rechargeable beyond-lithium batteries are promising low-cost alternatives to lithium and Li-ion technology for large-scale applications and potential high-voltage energy storage systems. Sodium-, potassium-, and magnesium-ion batteries are gaining increased attention since these metals and their salts are less expensive, ecofriendly, and more abundant than lithium. High-performance electrolytes, compatible with anode and cathode, are key to the success of advanced, beyond-lithium batteries. Recently discovered alkali-ion and alkaline-earth-ion conducting solid electrolytes have become the focus of research by both scientific and industrial communities because of their high safety and energy density. Unlike liquid-electrolyte systems, the performance of a solid electrolyte dominates the overall performance of a battery.