TY - JOUR
T1 - Relationship between freezing of gait (FOG) and other features of Parkinson's
T2 - FOG is not correlated with bradykinesia
AU - Bartels, A. L.
AU - Balash, Y.
AU - Gurevich, T.
AU - Schaafsma, J. D.
AU - Hausdorff, J. M.
AU - Giladi, Nir
N1 - Funding Information:
A.L. Bartels and J.D. Schaafsma are currently at the University of Groningen, The Netherlands. This work was supported in part by NIH Grants AG-141 00, R-R-13622, AG-08812 and HD-39838. We thank D. Comanshter for assistance with statistical analysis and the subjects for their time and effort. Word count: 5,070.
PY - 2003/9
Y1 - 2003/9
N2 - Background: The pathophysiology of freezing of gait (FOG) is unclear. Objective: To assess the relationships between FOG and other parkinsonian features in Parkinson's disease (PD), focusing on levodopa effects. Methods: Nineteen PD patients with significant FOG in "off" were assessed while "off" and "on". Three observers independently viewed videotapes of a 130-m walk and scored FOG frequency. The Unified Parkinson's disease Rating Scale was used to evaluate clinical state. Results: FOG frequency was not correlated with other parkinsonian features in "off" and only with speech and writing in "on". Levodopa significantly decreased FOG frequency (p < 0.001). This reduction was strongly correlated with improvement of tremor (R = 0.80, p < 0.01) and speech (R = 0.62, p < 0.05), but not with improvement in rigidity, bradykinesia, or balance. Conclusion: Levodopa decreases FOG in PD. FOG is apparently an independent motor symptom, caused by a paroxysmal pathology that is different from that responsible for bradykinesia, rigidity or postural instability.
AB - Background: The pathophysiology of freezing of gait (FOG) is unclear. Objective: To assess the relationships between FOG and other parkinsonian features in Parkinson's disease (PD), focusing on levodopa effects. Methods: Nineteen PD patients with significant FOG in "off" were assessed while "off" and "on". Three observers independently viewed videotapes of a 130-m walk and scored FOG frequency. The Unified Parkinson's disease Rating Scale was used to evaluate clinical state. Results: FOG frequency was not correlated with other parkinsonian features in "off" and only with speech and writing in "on". Levodopa significantly decreased FOG frequency (p < 0.001). This reduction was strongly correlated with improvement of tremor (R = 0.80, p < 0.01) and speech (R = 0.62, p < 0.05), but not with improvement in rigidity, bradykinesia, or balance. Conclusion: Levodopa decreases FOG in PD. FOG is apparently an independent motor symptom, caused by a paroxysmal pathology that is different from that responsible for bradykinesia, rigidity or postural instability.
KW - Akinesia
KW - Freezing of gait
KW - Parkinson's disease
KW - Paroxysmal gait disorders
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/0141788790
U2 - 10.1016/S0967-5868(03)00192-9
DO - 10.1016/S0967-5868(03)00192-9
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C2 - 12948464
AN - SCOPUS:0141788790
SN - 0967-5868
VL - 10
SP - 584
EP - 588
JO - Journal of Clinical Neuroscience
JF - Journal of Clinical Neuroscience
IS - 5
ER -