TY - JOUR
T1 - Re-exposure to nicotine-Associated context from adolescence enhances alcohol intake in adulthood
AU - Zipori, Dor
AU - Sadot-Sogrin, Yossi
AU - Goltseker, Koral
AU - Even-Chen, Oren
AU - Rahamim, Nofar
AU - Shaham, Ohad
AU - Barak, Segev
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2017.
PY - 2017/12/1
Y1 - 2017/12/1
N2 - Alcohol and nicotine are the two most commonly-Abused substances and are often used together. Nicotine enhances alcohol-drinking behaviors in humans and in animals, and was suggested to enhance the reinforcing properties of other reinforcers. Here, we show that nicotine-Associated environment, rather than nicotine itself, enhances alcohol intake in rats. Adolescent rats received repeated intermittent injections of nicotine (0.4 mg/kg, i.p., 5 injections, every 3rd day) or saline. The injection was paired with their home cage, or with the subsequent alcohol self-Administration context. Rats were then trained to self-Administer 20% alcohol. Nicotine given in the home cage did not alter subsequent alcohol intake. However, pairing nicotine with the operant chamber during adolescence led to a long-lasting increased alcohol self-Administration in adulthood, compared to nicotine pre-Treatment in other contexts. This effect persisted 3 months after nicotine cessation, in a relapse test after abstinence. Furthermore, re-exposure to the nicotine-Associated context in adult rats led to a decrease in glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (Gdnf) mRNA expression in the ventral tegmental area, an effect that leads to increased alcohol consumption, as we ? have previously reported. Our findings suggest that retrieval of nicotine-Associated contextual memories from adolescence may gate alcohol intake in adulthood, with a possible involvement of GDNF.
AB - Alcohol and nicotine are the two most commonly-Abused substances and are often used together. Nicotine enhances alcohol-drinking behaviors in humans and in animals, and was suggested to enhance the reinforcing properties of other reinforcers. Here, we show that nicotine-Associated environment, rather than nicotine itself, enhances alcohol intake in rats. Adolescent rats received repeated intermittent injections of nicotine (0.4 mg/kg, i.p., 5 injections, every 3rd day) or saline. The injection was paired with their home cage, or with the subsequent alcohol self-Administration context. Rats were then trained to self-Administer 20% alcohol. Nicotine given in the home cage did not alter subsequent alcohol intake. However, pairing nicotine with the operant chamber during adolescence led to a long-lasting increased alcohol self-Administration in adulthood, compared to nicotine pre-Treatment in other contexts. This effect persisted 3 months after nicotine cessation, in a relapse test after abstinence. Furthermore, re-exposure to the nicotine-Associated context in adult rats led to a decrease in glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (Gdnf) mRNA expression in the ventral tegmental area, an effect that leads to increased alcohol consumption, as we ? have previously reported. Our findings suggest that retrieval of nicotine-Associated contextual memories from adolescence may gate alcohol intake in adulthood, with a possible involvement of GDNF.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85019992833&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/s41598-017-02177-2
DO - 10.1038/s41598-017-02177-2
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AN - SCOPUS:85019992833
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 7
JO - Scientific Reports
JF - Scientific Reports
IS - 1
M1 - 2479
ER -