TY - JOUR
T1 - Process Parameter Optimization of Directed Energy Deposited QT17-4+ Steel
AU - Sharma, Vyas Mani
AU - Popov, Vladimir
AU - Farkoosh, Amir R.
AU - Isheim, Dieter
AU - Seidman, David N.
AU - Eliaz, Noam
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Authors. Advanced Materials Technologies published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
PY - 2024/8/7
Y1 - 2024/8/7
N2 - The feasibility of using argon-atomized QT 17-4+ stainless steel powder for directed energy deposition (DED) additive manufacturing is studied. The QT 17-4+ steel is a novel martensitic steel designed based on the compositional modification of the standard 17-4 precipitation-hardened (PH) stainless steel. This modification aims to achieve better mechanical properties of as-deposited components compared to the heat-treated wrought 17-4PH steel. In this study, QT 17-4+ steel powder is used for DED, for the first time. The influence of laser power, laser scan speed, powder feed rate, and hatch overlap on the density is studied. The central composite design is used to determine the experimental matrix of these factors. The response surface methodology is used to obtain the empirical statistical prediction model. Both columnar and equiaxed parent austenite grain structures are observed. X-ray diffraction analyses reveal a decrease in the percentage of retained austenite from 19% in the powder to 5% after DED. The microhardness of the DED processed sample in the as-deposited state is slightly higher than that of wrought 17-4PH steel either solution-annealed or H900-aged. A higher 0.2% yield strength, a lower ultimate tensile strength, and lower elongation are observed for the vertically printed test sample, when compared to the horizontal one.
AB - The feasibility of using argon-atomized QT 17-4+ stainless steel powder for directed energy deposition (DED) additive manufacturing is studied. The QT 17-4+ steel is a novel martensitic steel designed based on the compositional modification of the standard 17-4 precipitation-hardened (PH) stainless steel. This modification aims to achieve better mechanical properties of as-deposited components compared to the heat-treated wrought 17-4PH steel. In this study, QT 17-4+ steel powder is used for DED, for the first time. The influence of laser power, laser scan speed, powder feed rate, and hatch overlap on the density is studied. The central composite design is used to determine the experimental matrix of these factors. The response surface methodology is used to obtain the empirical statistical prediction model. Both columnar and equiaxed parent austenite grain structures are observed. X-ray diffraction analyses reveal a decrease in the percentage of retained austenite from 19% in the powder to 5% after DED. The microhardness of the DED processed sample in the as-deposited state is slightly higher than that of wrought 17-4PH steel either solution-annealed or H900-aged. A higher 0.2% yield strength, a lower ultimate tensile strength, and lower elongation are observed for the vertically printed test sample, when compared to the horizontal one.
KW - 17-4 stainless steel
KW - QT 17-4+ steel
KW - additive manufacturing (AM)
KW - directed energy deposition (DED)
KW - response surface methodology (RSM)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85192023089&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/admt.202400024
DO - 10.1002/admt.202400024
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AN - SCOPUS:85192023089
SN - 2365-709X
VL - 9
JO - Advanced Materials Technologies
JF - Advanced Materials Technologies
IS - 15
M1 - 2400024
ER -