TY - JOUR
T1 - Premature ovarian insufficiency and autoimmune diseases
AU - Domniz, Noam
AU - Meirow, Dror
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2019/10
Y1 - 2019/10
N2 - Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a clinical syndrome defined by loss of ovarian activity before the age of 40 years and has a potentially devastating effect upon women's health, both physically and psychologically. An underlying autoimmune disease has been identified in approximately 20% of patients with POI, the most common of which are disorders of the thyroid and adrenal glands. Nevertheless, in the majority of cases, the etiology is unknown. The damage mechanism to the ovary is usually caused by antibodies, and autoimmune POI is usually characterized by cellular infiltration of the theca cells of growing follicles by various inflammatory cells. Yet, other various factors and proteins of unknown clinical significance are present. The major diagnostic tool for otherwise idiopathic POI is the presence of autoantibodies against various ovarian components that strongly support the option of autoimmune etiology of POI. Treatment of the underlying cause of POI is the main strategy, although immunosuppressive therapy should be considered in a selected population of well-defined autoimmune POI and, as in idiopathic POI, in whom the resumption of ovarian activity is possible.
AB - Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a clinical syndrome defined by loss of ovarian activity before the age of 40 years and has a potentially devastating effect upon women's health, both physically and psychologically. An underlying autoimmune disease has been identified in approximately 20% of patients with POI, the most common of which are disorders of the thyroid and adrenal glands. Nevertheless, in the majority of cases, the etiology is unknown. The damage mechanism to the ovary is usually caused by antibodies, and autoimmune POI is usually characterized by cellular infiltration of the theca cells of growing follicles by various inflammatory cells. Yet, other various factors and proteins of unknown clinical significance are present. The major diagnostic tool for otherwise idiopathic POI is the presence of autoantibodies against various ovarian components that strongly support the option of autoimmune etiology of POI. Treatment of the underlying cause of POI is the main strategy, although immunosuppressive therapy should be considered in a selected population of well-defined autoimmune POI and, as in idiopathic POI, in whom the resumption of ovarian activity is possible.
KW - Antibodies
KW - Antiovarian autoantibodies
KW - Autoimmune diseases
KW - Infertility
KW - Premature ovarian insufficiency
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85071725113&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2019.07.008
DO - 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2019.07.008
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C2 - 31495598
AN - SCOPUS:85071725113
SN - 1521-6934
VL - 60
SP - 42
EP - 55
JO - Best Practice and Research: Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology
JF - Best Practice and Research: Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology
ER -