TY - JOUR
T1 - Phylogeny of Tetillidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Spirophorida) based on three molecular markers
AU - Szitenberg, Amir
AU - Becking, Leontine E.
AU - Vargas, Sergio
AU - Fernandez, Júlio C.C.
AU - Santodomingo, Nadiezhda
AU - Wörheide, Gert
AU - Ilan, Micha
AU - Kelly, Michelle
AU - Huchon, Dorothée
N1 - Funding Information:
This article is dedicated to the memory of Solange Peixinho (died 11 November 2010), whose work contributed to the understanding of sponge taxonomy and of Tetillidae in particular. Revital Ben-David-Zaslow and Sigal Shefer provided invaluable help with the collections of the Zoological Museum at Tel Aviv University. We thank the Israeli Ministry of Science Culture & Sport for supporting the National Collections of Natural History at Tel-Aviv University. We would like to thank the following people: Paco Cárdenas, Hans Tore Rapp, John Hooper, Eduardo Hajdu, Thierry Laperousaz, Shirley Sorokin, Jean Vacelet, Nicole de Voogd and Sumait Putchakarn for providing tissue samples of tetillid sponges; Naomi Paz for editing the text, and Tamar Feldstein for her advice at the bench; Christine Morrow and Dirk Erpenbeck for their help with the analysis of the rRNA secondary structures. LEB acknowledges funding by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), division Earth and Life Sciences (ALW IPJ-07002; # 817.01.008). SV and GW acknowledge funding by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation through the Marine Barcode of Life Initiative, as well as John N.A. Hooper and Kathryn Hall, which supported subsampling of the Queensland Museum sponge collection. NIWA specimens were supplied by the NIWA Invertebrate Collection (NIC); we are grateful to Sadie Mills and Kareen Schnabel for their diligent assistance with loans. These specimens were collected as part of the NIWA research programme Seamounts, their importance to fisheries and marine ecosystems, funded by the New Zealand Foundation for Research, Science, and Technology (FRST) Technology Contracts CO1X0028, CO1X0204, CO1X0508, Deep sea vulnerable communities Contract CO1X0906, and the Oceans 2020 programme (Land Information and New Zealand, Ministry of Fisheries) Project ZBD2008-50. Collection and identification of NIWA samples was primarily supported by the New Zealand Foundation for Research, Science & Technology Contracts C01X0219 (Biodiversity and Biosecurity) to NIWA. This research was primarily supported by the Israel Science Foundation (Grant No.600/06 to D.H.). Last but not least, we would like to thanks two anonymous reviewers for their comments.
PY - 2013/5
Y1 - 2013/5
N2 - Tetillidae are spherical to elliptical cosmopolitan demosponges. The family comprises eight genera: namely, Acanthotetilla Burton, 1959, Amphitethya Lendenfeld, 1907, Cinachyra Sollas, 1886, Cinachyrella Wilson, 1925, Craniella Schmidt, 1870, Fangophilina Schmidt, 1880, Paratetilla Dendy, 1905, and Tetilla Schmidt, 1868. These genera are characterized by few conflicting morphological characters, resulting in an ambiguity of phylogenetic relationships. The phylogeny of tetillid genera was investigated using the cox1, 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA (C1-D2 domains) genes in 88 specimens (8 genera, 28 species). Five clades were identified: (i) Cinachyrella, Paratetilla and Amphitethya species, (ii) Cinachyrella levantinensis, (iii) Tetilla, (iv) Craniella, Cinachyra and Fangophilina and (v) Acanthotetilla. Consequently, the phylogenetic analysis supports the monophyly of Tetilla, a genus lacking any known morphological synapomorphy. Acanthotetilla is also recovered. In contrast, within the first clade, species of the genera Paratetilla and Amphitethya were nested within Cinachyrella. Similarly, within the fourth clade, species of the genera Cinachyra and Fangophilina were nested within Craniella. As previously postulated by taxonomists, the loss of ectodermal specialization (i.e., a cortex) has occurred several times independently. Nevertheless, the presence or absence of a cortex and its features carry a phylogenetic signal. Surprisingly, the common view that assumes close relationships among sponges with porocalices (i.e., surface depressions) is refuted.
AB - Tetillidae are spherical to elliptical cosmopolitan demosponges. The family comprises eight genera: namely, Acanthotetilla Burton, 1959, Amphitethya Lendenfeld, 1907, Cinachyra Sollas, 1886, Cinachyrella Wilson, 1925, Craniella Schmidt, 1870, Fangophilina Schmidt, 1880, Paratetilla Dendy, 1905, and Tetilla Schmidt, 1868. These genera are characterized by few conflicting morphological characters, resulting in an ambiguity of phylogenetic relationships. The phylogeny of tetillid genera was investigated using the cox1, 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA (C1-D2 domains) genes in 88 specimens (8 genera, 28 species). Five clades were identified: (i) Cinachyrella, Paratetilla and Amphitethya species, (ii) Cinachyrella levantinensis, (iii) Tetilla, (iv) Craniella, Cinachyra and Fangophilina and (v) Acanthotetilla. Consequently, the phylogenetic analysis supports the monophyly of Tetilla, a genus lacking any known morphological synapomorphy. Acanthotetilla is also recovered. In contrast, within the first clade, species of the genera Paratetilla and Amphitethya were nested within Cinachyrella. Similarly, within the fourth clade, species of the genera Cinachyra and Fangophilina were nested within Craniella. As previously postulated by taxonomists, the loss of ectodermal specialization (i.e., a cortex) has occurred several times independently. Nevertheless, the presence or absence of a cortex and its features carry a phylogenetic signal. Surprisingly, the common view that assumes close relationships among sponges with porocalices (i.e., surface depressions) is refuted.
KW - 18S rRNA
KW - 28S rRNA
KW - Cox1
KW - Morphology
KW - Phylogenetics
KW - Tetillidae
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84877929113&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.02.018
DO - 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.02.018
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AN - SCOPUS:84877929113
SN - 1055-7903
VL - 67
SP - 509
EP - 519
JO - Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
JF - Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
IS - 2
ER -