TY - JOUR
T1 - Phase noise effects on phase-sensitive OTDR sensors using optical pulse compression
AU - Loayssa, Alayn
AU - Sagues, Mikel
AU - Eyal, Avishay
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
IEEE
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - We introduce a detailed theoretical, numerical, and experimental study of the effects of laser's phase noise on the performance of phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (-OTDR) sensors that use optical pulse compression (OPC). Pulse compression is a technique that can be used to improve the received signal amplitude by increasing the effective energy of the pulses that are launched into the fiber without degrading the spatial resolution of the measurements. Therefore, it is a valuable tool to extend the range of these sensors and mitigate fiber attenuation constraints. However, it has been observed that the limited coherence of the laser source has a degrading effect on the actual performance enhancement that this method can provide. Here, we derive a theoretical model that can be used to quantify this degradation for any type of OPC such as those based on either linear frequency modulation (LFM) pulses or perfect periodic autocorrelation (PPA) bipolar bit sequences. The model facilitates numerical estimation of the sensitivity of the -OTDR measurements. It also produces theoretical expressions for the mean and the variance of the phase-noise perturbed backscatter response. These results are validated via numerical simulations and experiments in -OTDR setups using LFM as well as PPA OPC. Furthermore, we demonstrate the use of the model to investigate the basic trade-offs involved in the design of OPC -OTDR systems.
AB - We introduce a detailed theoretical, numerical, and experimental study of the effects of laser's phase noise on the performance of phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (-OTDR) sensors that use optical pulse compression (OPC). Pulse compression is a technique that can be used to improve the received signal amplitude by increasing the effective energy of the pulses that are launched into the fiber without degrading the spatial resolution of the measurements. Therefore, it is a valuable tool to extend the range of these sensors and mitigate fiber attenuation constraints. However, it has been observed that the limited coherence of the laser source has a degrading effect on the actual performance enhancement that this method can provide. Here, we derive a theoretical model that can be used to quantify this degradation for any type of OPC such as those based on either linear frequency modulation (LFM) pulses or perfect periodic autocorrelation (PPA) bipolar bit sequences. The model facilitates numerical estimation of the sensitivity of the -OTDR measurements. It also produces theoretical expressions for the mean and the variance of the phase-noise perturbed backscatter response. These results are validated via numerical simulations and experiments in -OTDR setups using LFM as well as PPA OPC. Furthermore, we demonstrate the use of the model to investigate the basic trade-offs involved in the design of OPC -OTDR systems.
KW - Distributed Acoustic Sensing
KW - Laser noise
KW - Linear Frequency Modulation
KW - Nonlinear optics
KW - Optical Pulse Compression
KW - Optical Time Domain Reflectometry
KW - Optical pulse compression
KW - Optical sensors
KW - Optical variables measurement
KW - Perfect Periodic Autocorrelation Codes
KW - Phase Noise
KW - Phase noise
KW - Sensors
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85122101308&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/JLT.2021.3138249
DO - 10.1109/JLT.2021.3138249
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AN - SCOPUS:85122101308
JO - Journal of Lightwave Technology
JF - Journal of Lightwave Technology
SN - 0733-8724
ER -