Obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and adolescents

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in children and adolescents is a common, chronic familial disorder, which is associated with significant distress and disability. OCD is characterized by intrusive, repetitive thoughts or images (obsessions) that increase anxiety, and by ritualistic stereotyped behaviors or mental acts (compulsions) intended to neutralize the anxiety. In recent years there is growing evidence pointing towards the neurobiological basis of the disorder. OCD in children and adolescents is under-diagnosed and under-treated. A few simple screening questions may identify the children and adolescents suspected of having OCD and may lead to early detection and appropriate treatment. Effective, evidence-based treatments for OCD in children and adolescents include cognitive-behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.