Obesity in late adolescence and incident type 1 diabetes in young adulthood

Inbar Zucker, Yair Zloof, Aya Bardugo, Avishai M. Tsur, Miri Lutski, Yaron Cohen, Tali Cukierman-Yaffe, Noga Minsky, Estela Derazne, Dorit Tzur, Cheli Melzer Cohen, Orit Pinhas-Hamiel, Gabriel Chodick, Itamar Raz, Arnon Afek, Hertzel C. Gerstein, Amir Tirosh, Gilad Twig*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

21 Scopus citations

Abstract

Aims/hypothesis: Studies in children have reported an association between increased BMI and risk for developing type 1 diabetes, but evidence in late adolescence is limited. We studied the association between BMI in late adolescence and incident type 1 diabetes in young adulthood. Methods: All Israeli adolescents, ages 16–19 years, undergoing medical evaluation in preparation for mandatory military conscription between January 1996 and December 2016 were included for analysis unless they had a history of dysglycaemia. Data were linked with information about adult onset of type 1 diabetes in the Israeli National Diabetes Registry. Weight and height were measured at study entry. Cox proportional models were applied, with BMI being analysed both as a categorical and as a continuous variable. Results: There were 777 incident cases of type 1 diabetes during 15,819,750 person-years (mean age at diagnosis 25.2±3.9 years). BMI was associated with incident type 1 diabetes. In a multivariable model adjusted for age, sex and sociodemographic variables, the HRs for type 1 diabetes were 1.05 (95% CI 0.87, 1.27) for the 50th–74th BMI percentiles, 1.41 (95% CI 1.11, 1.78) for the 75th–84th BMI percentiles, 1.54 (95% CI 1.23, 1.94) for adolescents who were overweight (85th–94th percentiles), and 2.05 (95% CI 1.58, 2.66) for adolescents with obesity (≥95th percentile) (reference group: 5th–49th BMI percentiles). One increment in BMI SD was associated with a 25% greater risk for incidence of type 1 diabetes (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.17, 1.32). Conclusions: Excessively high BMI in otherwise healthy adolescents is associated with increased risk for incident type 1 diabetes in early adulthood. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1473-1482
Number of pages10
JournalDiabetologia
Volume65
Issue number9
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 2022

Funding

FundersFunder number
Medical Corps Israel Defense Forces
CMC Microsystems

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