TY - JOUR
T1 - Normal range of fetal knee movements
AU - Katz, Kalman
AU - Mashiach, Reuven
AU - Bar On, Alhanan
AU - Merlob, Paul
AU - Soudry, Michael
AU - Meizner, Israel
PY - 1999
Y1 - 1999
N2 - Fetal limb movement abnormalities have been described to date in the literature only in subjective terms. The aim of the present study was to define objectively the normal range of fetal knee motion. The study population consisted of 240 normal fetuses at gestational age 16-39 weeks. The range of active knee motion was determined on routine prenatal ultrasound scans by measuring the angles between the midtibia, midfemur, and midknee on maximum flexion and extension. From 16 to 32 weeks, average knee flexion was 129.4° (range, 120-140°) and average extension was 23.7°(range, 15-40°). From 33 to 39 weeks, there was a gradual decrease in knee extension owing to lack of space in uterus. Knowledge of the normal range of fetal knee motion will assist clinicians in the prenatal diagnosis of neuromusculoskeletal disease.
AB - Fetal limb movement abnormalities have been described to date in the literature only in subjective terms. The aim of the present study was to define objectively the normal range of fetal knee motion. The study population consisted of 240 normal fetuses at gestational age 16-39 weeks. The range of active knee motion was determined on routine prenatal ultrasound scans by measuring the angles between the midtibia, midfemur, and midknee on maximum flexion and extension. From 16 to 32 weeks, average knee flexion was 129.4° (range, 120-140°) and average extension was 23.7°(range, 15-40°). From 33 to 39 weeks, there was a gradual decrease in knee extension owing to lack of space in uterus. Knowledge of the normal range of fetal knee motion will assist clinicians in the prenatal diagnosis of neuromusculoskeletal disease.
KW - Measurements
KW - Normal fetal knee motion
KW - Ultrasound
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0032719111&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/01241398-199911000-00009
DO - 10.1097/01241398-199911000-00009
M3 - ???researchoutput.researchoutputtypes.contributiontojournal.article???
AN - SCOPUS:0032719111
SN - 0271-6798
VL - 19
SP - 739
EP - 741
JO - Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics
JF - Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics
IS - 6
ER -