TY - JOUR
T1 - Noise Propagation and MP-PCA Image Denoising for High-Resolution Quantitative R2*, T2*, and Magnetic Susceptibility Mapping (QSM)
AU - Doniza, Liad
AU - Lee, Mitchel
AU - Blumenfeld-Katzir, Tamar
AU - Artzi, Moran
AU - Ben-Bashat, Dafna
AU - Aizenstein, Orna
AU - Radunsky, Dvir
AU - Kirkham, Fenella
AU - Thomas, George
AU - Weil, Rimona S.
AU - Shmueli, Karin
AU - Ben-Eliezer, Noam
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 1964-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2025
Y1 - 2025
N2 - Objective: Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) measures magnetic susceptibility of tissues, aiding in the detection of pathologies like traumatic brain injury, cerebral microbleeds, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis, through analysis of variations in substances such as iron and calcium. Despite its clinical value, using high-resolution QSM (voxel sizes < 1 mm3) reduces signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which compromises diagnostic quality. Methods: Denoising of T2∗-weighted (T2∗w) data was implemented using Marchenko-Pastur Principal Component Analysis (MP-PCA), allowing to enhance the qualityof R2∗, T2∗, and QSM maps. Proof of concept of the denoising technique was demonstrated on a numerical phantom, healthy subjects, and patients with brain metastases and sickle cell anemia. Results: Effective and robust denoising was observed across different scan settings, offering higher SNR and improved accuracy. Noise propagation was analyzed between T2∗w, R2∗, and T2∗ values, revealing augmentation of noise in T2∗w compared to R2∗ values. Conclusions: The use of MP-PCA denoising allows the collection of high resolution (∼0.5 mm3) QSM data at clinical scan times, without compromising SNR. Significance: The presented pipeline could enhance the diagnosis of various neurological diseases by providing higher-definition mapping of small vessels and of variations in iron or calcium.
AB - Objective: Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) measures magnetic susceptibility of tissues, aiding in the detection of pathologies like traumatic brain injury, cerebral microbleeds, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis, through analysis of variations in substances such as iron and calcium. Despite its clinical value, using high-resolution QSM (voxel sizes < 1 mm3) reduces signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which compromises diagnostic quality. Methods: Denoising of T2∗-weighted (T2∗w) data was implemented using Marchenko-Pastur Principal Component Analysis (MP-PCA), allowing to enhance the qualityof R2∗, T2∗, and QSM maps. Proof of concept of the denoising technique was demonstrated on a numerical phantom, healthy subjects, and patients with brain metastases and sickle cell anemia. Results: Effective and robust denoising was observed across different scan settings, offering higher SNR and improved accuracy. Noise propagation was analyzed between T2∗w, R2∗, and T2∗ values, revealing augmentation of noise in T2∗w compared to R2∗ values. Conclusions: The use of MP-PCA denoising allows the collection of high resolution (∼0.5 mm3) QSM data at clinical scan times, without compromising SNR. Significance: The presented pipeline could enhance the diagnosis of various neurological diseases by providing higher-definition mapping of small vessels and of variations in iron or calcium.
KW - Denoising
KW - QSM
KW - magnetic susceptibility
KW - principal component analysis
KW - quantitative susceptibility mapping
KW - signal to noise ratio
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105004290320
U2 - 10.1109/TBME.2025.3566561
DO - 10.1109/TBME.2025.3566561
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C2 - 40315096
AN - SCOPUS:105004290320
SN - 0018-9294
VL - 72
SP - 3277
EP - 3287
JO - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
JF - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
IS - 11
ER -