Neuro-coagulopathy: Blood coagulation factors in central nervous system diseases

Ciro De Luca, Assunta Virtuoso, Nicola Maggio, Michele Papa*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

Abstract

Blood coagulation factors and other proteins, with modulatory effects or modulated by the coagulation cascade have been reported to affect the pathophysiology of the central nervous system (CNS). The protease-activated receptors (PARs) pathway can be considered the central hub of this regulatory network, mainly through thrombin or activated protein C (aPC). These proteins, in fact, showed peculiar properties, being able to interfere with synaptic homeostasis other than coagulation itself. These specific functions modulate neuronal networks, acting both on resident (neurons, astrocytes, and microglia) as well as circulating immune system cells and the extracellular matrix. The pleiotropy of these effects is produced through different receptors, expressed in various cell types, in a dose- and time-dependent pattern. We reviewed how these pathways may be involved in neurodegenerative diseases (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases), multiple sclerosis, ischemic stroke and post-ischemic epilepsy, CNS cancer, addiction, and mental health. These data open up a new path for the potential therapeutic use of the agonist/antagonist of these proteins in the management of several central nervous system diseases.

Original languageEnglish
Article number2128
JournalInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
Volume18
Issue number10
DOIs
StatePublished - 12 Oct 2017

Keywords

  • Activated protein C
  • Addiction
  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
  • CNS cancer
  • Coagulation
  • Ischemic stroke
  • Mental health
  • Multiple sclerosis
  • Parkinson’s disease
  • Post-ischemic epilepsy
  • Proteinase activated receptors
  • Thrombin

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