Moa-2010-BLG-073L: An m-dwarf with a substellar companion at the planet/brown dwarf boundary

R. A. Street; J. Y. Choi; Y. Tsapras; C. Han; K. Furusawa; M. Hundertmark; A. Gould; T. Sumi; I. A. Bond; D. Wouters; R. Zellem; A. Udalski; C. Snodgrass; K. Horne; M. Dominik; P. Browne; N. Kains; D. M. Bramich; D. Bajek; I. A. Steele; S. Ipatov; F. Abe; D. P. Bennett; C. S. Botzler; P. Chote; M. Freeman; A. Fukui; P. Harris; Y. Itow; C. H. Ling; K. Masuda; Y. Matsubara; N. Miyake; Y. Muraki; T. Nagayama; S. Nishimaya; K. Ohnishi; N. Rattenbury; To Saito; D. J. Sullivan; D. Suzuki; W. L. Sweatman; P. J. Tristram; K. Wada; P. C.M. Yock; M. K. Szymański; M. Kubiak; G. Pietrzyński; I. Soszyński; R. Poleski; K. Ulaczyk; Wyrzykowski; J. Yee; S. Dong; I. G. Shin; C. U. Lee; J. Skowron; L. Andrade De Almeida; D. L. Depoy; B. S. Gaudi; L. W. Hung; F. Jablonski; S. Kaspi; N. Klein; K. H. Hwang; J. R. Koo; D. Maoz; J. A. Muñoz; R. W. Pogge; D. Polishhook; A. Shporer; J. McCormick; G. Christie; T. Natusch; B. Allen; J. Drummond; D. Moorhouse; G. Thornley; M. Knowler; M. Bos; G. Bolt; J. P. Beaulieu; M. D. Albrow; V. Batista; S. Brillant; J. A.R. Caldwell; A. Cassan; A. Cole; E. Corrales; Ch Coutures; S. Dieters; D. Dominis Prester; J. Donatowicz; P. Fouqué; E. Bachelet; J. Greenhill; S. R. Kane; D. Kubas; J. B. Marquette; R. Martin; J. Menzies; K. R. Pollard; K. C. Sahu; J. Wambsganss; A. Williams; M. Zub; K. A. Alsubai; V. Bozza; M. J. Burgdorf; S. Calchi Novati; P. Dodds; S. Dreizler; F. Finet; T. Gerner; S. Hardis; K. Harpsøe; F. Hessman; T. C. Hinse; U. G. Jørgensen; E. Kerins; C. Liebig; L. Mancini; M. Mathiasen; M. T. Penny; S. Proft; S. Rahvar; D. Ricci; G. Scarpetta; S. Schäfer; F. Schönebeck; J. Southworth; J. Surdej

doi:10.1088/0004-637X/763/1/67

Moa-2010-BLG-073L: An m-dwarf with a substellar companion at the planet/brown dwarf boundary

R. A. Street, J. Y. Choi, Y. Tsapras, C. Han^*, K. Furusawa, M. Hundertmark, A. Gould, T. Sumi, I. A. Bond, D. Wouters, R. Zellem, A. Udalski, C. Snodgrass, K. Horne, M. Dominik, P. Browne, N. Kains, D. M. Bramich, D. Bajek, I. A. SteeleS. Ipatov, F. Abe, D. P. Bennett, C. S. Botzler, P. Chote, M. Freeman, A. Fukui, P. Harris, Y. Itow, C. H. Ling, K. Masuda, Y. Matsubara, N. Miyake, Y. Muraki, T. Nagayama, S. Nishimaya, K. Ohnishi, N. Rattenbury, To Saito, D. J. Sullivan, D. Suzuki, W. L. Sweatman, P. J. Tristram, K. Wada, P. C.M. Yock, M. K. Szymański, M. Kubiak, G. Pietrzyński, I. Soszyński, R. Poleski, K. Ulaczyk, Wyrzykowski, J. Yee, S. Dong, I. G. Shin, C. U. Lee, J. Skowron, L. Andrade De Almeida, D. L. Depoy, B. S. Gaudi, L. W. Hung, F. Jablonski, S. Kaspi, N. Klein, K. H. Hwang, J. R. Koo, D. Maoz, J. A. Muñoz, R. W. Pogge, D. Polishhook, A. Shporer, J. McCormick, G. Christie, T. Natusch, B. Allen, J. Drummond, D. Moorhouse, G. Thornley, M. Knowler, M. Bos, G. Bolt, J. P. Beaulieu, M. D. Albrow, V. Batista, S. Brillant, J. A.R. Caldwell, A. Cassan, A. Cole, E. Corrales, Ch Coutures, S. Dieters, D. Dominis Prester, J. Donatowicz, P. Fouqué, E. Bachelet, J. Greenhill, S. R. Kane, D. Kubas, J. B. Marquette, R. Martin, J. Menzies, K. R. Pollard, K. C. Sahu, J. Wambsganss, A. Williams, M. Zub, K. A. Alsubai, V. Bozza, M. J. Burgdorf, S. Calchi Novati, P. Dodds, S. Dreizler, F. Finet, T. Gerner, S. Hardis, K. Harpsøe, F. Hessman, T. C. Hinse, U. G. Jørgensen, E. Kerins, C. Liebig, L. Mancini, M. Mathiasen, M. T. Penny, S. Proft, S. Rahvar, D. Ricci, G. Scarpetta, S. Schäfer, F. Schönebeck, J. Southworth, J. Surdej

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Physics and Astronomy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

34 Scopus citations

Abstract

We present an analysis of the anomalous microlensing event, MOA-2010-BLG-073, announced by the Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics survey on 2010 March 18. This event was remarkable because the source was previously known to be photometrically variable. Analyzing the pre-event source light curve, we demonstrate that it is an irregular variable over timescales >200 days. Its dereddened color, (V-I)_S, 0, is 1.221 ± 0.051 mag, and from our lens model we derive a source radius of 14.7 ± 1.3 R_⊙, suggesting that it is a red giant star. We initially explored a number of purely microlensing models for the event but found a residual gradient in the data taken prior to and after the event. This is likely to be due to the variability of the source rather than part of the lensing event, so we incorporated a slope parameter in our model in order to derive the true parameters of the lensing system. We find that the lensing system has a mass ratio of q = 0.0654 ± 0.0006. The Einstein crossing time of the event, t_E = 44.3 ± 0.1 days, was sufficiently long that the light curve exhibited parallax effects. In addition, the source trajectory relative to the large caustic structure allowed the orbital motion of the lens system to be detected. Combining the parallax with the Einstein radius, we were able to derive the distance to the lens, D_L = 2.8 ± 0.4 kpc, and the masses of the lensing objects. The primary of the lens is an M-dwarf with M_L,1 = 0.16 ± 0.03 M_⊙, while the companion has M_L,2 = 11.0 ± 2.0 M_J, putting it in the boundary zone between planets and brown dwarfs.

Original language	English
Article number	67
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	763
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/763/1/67
State	Published - 20 Jan 2013

Funding

Funders	Funder number
European Commission
Seventh Framework Programme	268421, 246678
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science	23340044, 23340064, 23540339, 24253004, 23654082
National Science Foundation	0807444
Science and Technology Facilities Council	ST/J001562/1, ST/G009465/1, ST/J001651/1, ST/H002391/1, PP/E001149/1, ST/G001987/1, ST/G002355/1, PP/F000057/1, PP/D000955/1, ST/J001384/1, ST/J001465/1, ST/J000035/1

Keywords

brown dwarfs
gravitational lensing: micro
planetary systems
planets and satellites: formation
planets and satellites: general
techniques: photometric

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10.1088/0004-637X/763/1/67

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Street, R. A., Choi, J. Y., Tsapras, Y., Han, C., Furusawa, K., Hundertmark, M., Gould, A., Sumi, T., Bond, I. A., Wouters, D., Zellem, R., Udalski, A., Snodgrass, C., Horne, K., Dominik, M., Browne, P., Kains, N., Bramich, D. M., Bajek, D., ... Surdej, J. (2013). Moa-2010-BLG-073L: An m-dwarf with a substellar companion at the planet/brown dwarf boundary. Astrophysical Journal, 763(1), Article 67. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/763/1/67

@article{f5a1d5d9ed1443439bc8319a7a4a4a12,

title = "Moa-2010-BLG-073L: An m-dwarf with a substellar companion at the planet/brown dwarf boundary",

abstract = "We present an analysis of the anomalous microlensing event, MOA-2010-BLG-073, announced by the Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics survey on 2010 March 18. This event was remarkable because the source was previously known to be photometrically variable. Analyzing the pre-event source light curve, we demonstrate that it is an irregular variable over timescales >200 days. Its dereddened color, (V-I)S, 0, is 1.221 ± 0.051 mag, and from our lens model we derive a source radius of 14.7 ± 1.3 R⊙, suggesting that it is a red giant star. We initially explored a number of purely microlensing models for the event but found a residual gradient in the data taken prior to and after the event. This is likely to be due to the variability of the source rather than part of the lensing event, so we incorporated a slope parameter in our model in order to derive the true parameters of the lensing system. We find that the lensing system has a mass ratio of q = 0.0654 ± 0.0006. The Einstein crossing time of the event, tE = 44.3 ± 0.1 days, was sufficiently long that the light curve exhibited parallax effects. In addition, the source trajectory relative to the large caustic structure allowed the orbital motion of the lens system to be detected. Combining the parallax with the Einstein radius, we were able to derive the distance to the lens, DL = 2.8 ± 0.4 kpc, and the masses of the lensing objects. The primary of the lens is an M-dwarf with ML,1 = 0.16 ± 0.03 M⊙, while the companion has ML,2 = 11.0 ± 2.0 MJ, putting it in the boundary zone between planets and brown dwarfs.",

keywords = "brown dwarfs, gravitational lensing: micro, planetary systems, planets and satellites: formation, planets and satellites: general, techniques: photometric",

author = "Street, {R. A.} and Choi, {J. Y.} and Y. Tsapras and C. Han and K. Furusawa and M. Hundertmark and A. Gould and T. Sumi and Bond, {I. A.} and D. Wouters and R. Zellem and A. Udalski and C. Snodgrass and K. Horne and M. Dominik and P. Browne and N. Kains and Bramich, {D. M.} and D. Bajek and Steele, {I. A.} and S. Ipatov and F. Abe and Bennett, {D. P.} and Botzler, {C. S.} and P. Chote and M. Freeman and A. Fukui and P. Harris and Y. Itow and Ling, {C. H.} and K. Masuda and Y. Matsubara and N. Miyake and Y. Muraki and T. Nagayama and S. Nishimaya and K. Ohnishi and N. Rattenbury and To Saito and Sullivan, {D. J.} and D. Suzuki and Sweatman, {W. L.} and Tristram, {P. J.} and K. Wada and Yock, {P. C.M.} and Szyma{\'n}ski, {M. K.} and M. Kubiak and G. Pietrzy{\'n}ski and I. Soszy{\'n}ski and R. Poleski and K. Ulaczyk and Wyrzykowski and J. Yee and S. Dong and Shin, {I. G.} and Lee, {C. U.} and J. Skowron and {Andrade De Almeida}, L. and Depoy, {D. L.} and Gaudi, {B. S.} and Hung, {L. W.} and F. Jablonski and S. Kaspi and N. Klein and Hwang, {K. H.} and Koo, {J. R.} and D. Maoz and Mu{\~n}oz, {J. A.} and Pogge, {R. W.} and D. Polishhook and A. Shporer and J. McCormick and G. Christie and T. Natusch and B. Allen and J. Drummond and D. Moorhouse and G. Thornley and M. Knowler and M. Bos and G. Bolt and Beaulieu, {J. P.} and Albrow, {M. D.} and V. Batista and S. Brillant and Caldwell, {J. A.R.} and A. Cassan and A. Cole and E. Corrales and Ch Coutures and S. Dieters and {Dominis Prester}, D. and J. Donatowicz and P. Fouqu{\'e} and E. Bachelet and J. Greenhill and Kane, {S. R.} and D. Kubas and Marquette, {J. B.} and R. Martin and J. Menzies and Pollard, {K. R.} and Sahu, {K. C.} and J. Wambsganss and A. Williams and M. Zub and Alsubai, {K. A.} and V. Bozza and Burgdorf, {M. J.} and {Calchi Novati}, S. and P. Dodds and S. Dreizler and F. Finet and T. Gerner and S. Hardis and K. Harps{\o}e and F. Hessman and Hinse, {T. C.} and J{\o}rgensen, {U. G.} and E. Kerins and C. Liebig and L. Mancini and M. Mathiasen and Penny, {M. T.} and S. Proft and S. Rahvar and D. Ricci and G. Scarpetta and S. Sch{\"a}fer and F. Sch{\"o}nebeck and J. Southworth and J. Surdej",

year = "2013",

month = jan,

day = "20",

doi = "10.1088/0004-637X/763/1/67",

language = "אנגלית",

volume = "763",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "1",

}

Street, RA, Choi, JY, Tsapras, Y, Han, C, Furusawa, K, Hundertmark, M, Gould, A, Sumi, T, Bond, IA, Wouters, D, Zellem, R, Udalski, A, Snodgrass, C, Horne, K, Dominik, M, Browne, P, Kains, N, Bramich, DM, Bajek, D, Steele, IA, Ipatov, S, Abe, F, Bennett, DP, Botzler, CS, Chote, P, Freeman, M, Fukui, A, Harris, P, Itow, Y, Ling, CH, Masuda, K, Matsubara, Y, Miyake, N, Muraki, Y, Nagayama, T, Nishimaya, S, Ohnishi, K, Rattenbury, N, Saito, T, Sullivan, DJ, Suzuki, D, Sweatman, WL, Tristram, PJ, Wada, K, Yock, PCM, Szymański, MK, Kubiak, M, Pietrzyński, G, Soszyński, I, Poleski, R, Ulaczyk, K, Wyrzykowski, Yee, J, Dong, S, Shin, IG, Lee, CU, Skowron, J, Andrade De Almeida, L, Depoy, DL, Gaudi, BS, Hung, LW, Jablonski, F, Kaspi, S, Klein, N, Hwang, KH, Koo, JR, Maoz, D, Muñoz, JA, Pogge, RW, Polishhook, D, Shporer, A, McCormick, J, Christie, G, Natusch, T, Allen, B, Drummond, J, Moorhouse, D, Thornley, G, Knowler, M, Bos, M, Bolt, G, Beaulieu, JP, Albrow, MD, Batista, V, Brillant, S, Caldwell, JAR, Cassan, A, Cole, A, Corrales, E, Coutures, C, Dieters, S, Dominis Prester, D, Donatowicz, J, Fouqué, P, Bachelet, E, Greenhill, J, Kane, SR, Kubas, D, Marquette, JB, Martin, R, Menzies, J, Pollard, KR, Sahu, KC, Wambsganss, J, Williams, A, Zub, M, Alsubai, KA, Bozza, V, Burgdorf, MJ, Calchi Novati, S, Dodds, P, Dreizler, S, Finet, F, Gerner, T, Hardis, S, Harpsøe, K, Hessman, F, Hinse, TC, Jørgensen, UG, Kerins, E, Liebig, C, Mancini, L, Mathiasen, M, Penny, MT, Proft, S, Rahvar, S, Ricci, D, Scarpetta, G, Schäfer, S, Schönebeck, F, Southworth, J & Surdej, J 2013, 'Moa-2010-BLG-073L: An m-dwarf with a substellar companion at the planet/brown dwarf boundary', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 763, no. 1, 67. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/763/1/67

TY - JOUR

T1 - Moa-2010-BLG-073L

T2 - An m-dwarf with a substellar companion at the planet/brown dwarf boundary

AU - Street, R. A.

AU - Choi, J. Y.

AU - Tsapras, Y.

AU - Han, C.

AU - Furusawa, K.

AU - Hundertmark, M.

AU - Gould, A.

AU - Sumi, T.

AU - Bond, I. A.

AU - Wouters, D.

AU - Zellem, R.

AU - Udalski, A.

AU - Snodgrass, C.

AU - Horne, K.

AU - Dominik, M.

AU - Browne, P.

AU - Kains, N.

AU - Bramich, D. M.

AU - Bajek, D.

AU - Steele, I. A.

AU - Ipatov, S.

AU - Abe, F.

AU - Bennett, D. P.

AU - Botzler, C. S.

AU - Chote, P.

AU - Freeman, M.

AU - Fukui, A.

AU - Harris, P.

AU - Itow, Y.

AU - Ling, C. H.

AU - Masuda, K.

AU - Matsubara, Y.

AU - Miyake, N.

AU - Muraki, Y.

AU - Nagayama, T.

AU - Nishimaya, S.

AU - Ohnishi, K.

AU - Rattenbury, N.

AU - Saito, To

AU - Sullivan, D. J.

AU - Suzuki, D.

AU - Sweatman, W. L.

AU - Tristram, P. J.

AU - Wada, K.

AU - Yock, P. C.M.

AU - Szymański, M. K.

AU - Kubiak, M.

AU - Pietrzyński, G.

AU - Soszyński, I.

AU - Poleski, R.

AU - Ulaczyk, K.

AU - Wyrzykowski,

AU - Yee, J.

AU - Dong, S.

AU - Shin, I. G.

AU - Lee, C. U.

AU - Skowron, J.

AU - Andrade De Almeida, L.

AU - Depoy, D. L.

AU - Gaudi, B. S.

AU - Hung, L. W.

AU - Jablonski, F.

AU - Kaspi, S.

AU - Klein, N.

AU - Hwang, K. H.

AU - Koo, J. R.

AU - Maoz, D.

AU - Muñoz, J. A.

AU - Pogge, R. W.

AU - Polishhook, D.

AU - Shporer, A.

AU - McCormick, J.

AU - Christie, G.

AU - Natusch, T.

AU - Allen, B.

AU - Drummond, J.

AU - Moorhouse, D.

AU - Thornley, G.

AU - Knowler, M.

AU - Bos, M.

AU - Bolt, G.

AU - Beaulieu, J. P.

AU - Albrow, M. D.

AU - Batista, V.

AU - Brillant, S.

AU - Caldwell, J. A.R.

AU - Cassan, A.

AU - Cole, A.

AU - Corrales, E.

AU - Coutures, Ch

AU - Dieters, S.

AU - Dominis Prester, D.

AU - Donatowicz, J.

AU - Fouqué, P.

AU - Bachelet, E.

AU - Greenhill, J.

AU - Kane, S. R.

AU - Kubas, D.

AU - Marquette, J. B.

AU - Martin, R.

AU - Menzies, J.

AU - Pollard, K. R.

AU - Sahu, K. C.

AU - Wambsganss, J.

AU - Williams, A.

AU - Zub, M.

AU - Alsubai, K. A.

AU - Bozza, V.

AU - Burgdorf, M. J.

AU - Calchi Novati, S.

AU - Dodds, P.

AU - Dreizler, S.

AU - Finet, F.

AU - Gerner, T.

AU - Hardis, S.

AU - Harpsøe, K.

AU - Hessman, F.

AU - Hinse, T. C.

AU - Jørgensen, U. G.

AU - Kerins, E.

AU - Liebig, C.

AU - Mancini, L.

AU - Mathiasen, M.

AU - Penny, M. T.

AU - Proft, S.

AU - Rahvar, S.

AU - Ricci, D.

AU - Scarpetta, G.

AU - Schäfer, S.

AU - Schönebeck, F.

AU - Southworth, J.

AU - Surdej, J.

PY - 2013/1/20

Y1 - 2013/1/20

N2 - We present an analysis of the anomalous microlensing event, MOA-2010-BLG-073, announced by the Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics survey on 2010 March 18. This event was remarkable because the source was previously known to be photometrically variable. Analyzing the pre-event source light curve, we demonstrate that it is an irregular variable over timescales >200 days. Its dereddened color, (V-I)S, 0, is 1.221 ± 0.051 mag, and from our lens model we derive a source radius of 14.7 ± 1.3 R⊙, suggesting that it is a red giant star. We initially explored a number of purely microlensing models for the event but found a residual gradient in the data taken prior to and after the event. This is likely to be due to the variability of the source rather than part of the lensing event, so we incorporated a slope parameter in our model in order to derive the true parameters of the lensing system. We find that the lensing system has a mass ratio of q = 0.0654 ± 0.0006. The Einstein crossing time of the event, tE = 44.3 ± 0.1 days, was sufficiently long that the light curve exhibited parallax effects. In addition, the source trajectory relative to the large caustic structure allowed the orbital motion of the lens system to be detected. Combining the parallax with the Einstein radius, we were able to derive the distance to the lens, DL = 2.8 ± 0.4 kpc, and the masses of the lensing objects. The primary of the lens is an M-dwarf with ML,1 = 0.16 ± 0.03 M⊙, while the companion has ML,2 = 11.0 ± 2.0 MJ, putting it in the boundary zone between planets and brown dwarfs.

AB - We present an analysis of the anomalous microlensing event, MOA-2010-BLG-073, announced by the Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics survey on 2010 March 18. This event was remarkable because the source was previously known to be photometrically variable. Analyzing the pre-event source light curve, we demonstrate that it is an irregular variable over timescales >200 days. Its dereddened color, (V-I)S, 0, is 1.221 ± 0.051 mag, and from our lens model we derive a source radius of 14.7 ± 1.3 R⊙, suggesting that it is a red giant star. We initially explored a number of purely microlensing models for the event but found a residual gradient in the data taken prior to and after the event. This is likely to be due to the variability of the source rather than part of the lensing event, so we incorporated a slope parameter in our model in order to derive the true parameters of the lensing system. We find that the lensing system has a mass ratio of q = 0.0654 ± 0.0006. The Einstein crossing time of the event, tE = 44.3 ± 0.1 days, was sufficiently long that the light curve exhibited parallax effects. In addition, the source trajectory relative to the large caustic structure allowed the orbital motion of the lens system to be detected. Combining the parallax with the Einstein radius, we were able to derive the distance to the lens, DL = 2.8 ± 0.4 kpc, and the masses of the lensing objects. The primary of the lens is an M-dwarf with ML,1 = 0.16 ± 0.03 M⊙, while the companion has ML,2 = 11.0 ± 2.0 MJ, putting it in the boundary zone between planets and brown dwarfs.

KW - brown dwarfs

KW - gravitational lensing: micro

KW - planetary systems

KW - planets and satellites: formation

KW - planets and satellites: general

KW - techniques: photometric

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84872239600&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1088/0004-637X/763/1/67

DO - 10.1088/0004-637X/763/1/67

M3 - ???researchoutput.researchoutputtypes.contributiontojournal.article???

AN - SCOPUS:84872239600

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 763

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 1

M1 - 67

ER -

Moa-2010-BLG-073L: An m-dwarf with a substellar companion at the planet/brown dwarf boundary

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