TY - JOUR
T1 - Microglia roles in synaptic plasticity and myelination in homeostatic conditions and neurodevelopmental disorders
AU - Bar, Ela
AU - Barak, Boaz
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PY - 2019/11/1
Y1 - 2019/11/1
N2 - Microglia are the immune cells of the brain, involved in synapse formation, circuit sculpting, myelination, plasticity, and cognition. Being active players during early development as well as in adulthood, microglia affect other cells directly by their long processes and unique receptors and indirectly by secreting growth factors and cytokines. In this review, we discuss the roles of microglia in neurodevelopmental disorders, synaptic plasticity, myelination, and homeostatic conditions throughout human and mouse development. Within these processes, we specifically focus on the contribution of altered microglial interactions with neurons and oligodendrocytes, altered cytokine and growth factor activities, and alterations in the complement system. We conclude by highlighting future perspectives and providing an overview of future research on microglia.
AB - Microglia are the immune cells of the brain, involved in synapse formation, circuit sculpting, myelination, plasticity, and cognition. Being active players during early development as well as in adulthood, microglia affect other cells directly by their long processes and unique receptors and indirectly by secreting growth factors and cytokines. In this review, we discuss the roles of microglia in neurodevelopmental disorders, synaptic plasticity, myelination, and homeostatic conditions throughout human and mouse development. Within these processes, we specifically focus on the contribution of altered microglial interactions with neurons and oligodendrocytes, altered cytokine and growth factor activities, and alterations in the complement system. We conclude by highlighting future perspectives and providing an overview of future research on microglia.
KW - autism
KW - microglia
KW - myelin
KW - neurodevelopmental disorders
KW - synaptic plasticity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85065391750&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/glia.23637
DO - 10.1002/glia.23637
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AN - SCOPUS:85065391750
SN - 0894-1491
VL - 67
SP - 2125
EP - 2141
JO - GLIA
JF - GLIA
IS - 11
ER -