Mechanics of longitudinal cracks in tooth enamel

A. Barani; A. J. Keown; M. B. Bush; J. J.W. Lee; H. Chai; B. R. Lawn

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2011.01.038

Mechanics of longitudinal cracks in tooth enamel

A. Barani, A. J. Keown, M. B. Bush, J. J.W. Lee, H. Chai, B. R. Lawn

School of Mechanical Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

A study is made of longitudinal "channel" cracking in tooth enamel from axial compressive loading. The cracks simulate those generated in the molar and premolar teeth of humans and animals by natural tooth function. Contact loading tests are made on extracted human molars with hard and soft indenting plates to determine the evolution of such cracks with increasing load. Fracture is largely stable, with initial slow growth followed by acceleration as the cracks approach completion around an enamel side wall. A simple power law relation expresses the critical load for full fracture in terms of characteristic tooth dimensions - base radius and enamel thickness - as well as enamel toughness. Extended three-dimensional finite element modeling with provision for growth of embedded cracks is used to validate this relation. The cracks leave "fingerprints" that offer valuable clues to dietary habits, and provide a basis for a priori prediction of bite forces for different animals from measured tooth dimensions.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2285-2292
Number of pages	8
Journal	Acta Biomaterialia
Volume	7
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2011.01.038
State	Published - May 2011

Keywords

Bite force
Enamel
Longitudinal channel cracks
Teeth
Three-dimensional finite element modeling

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10.1016/j.actbio.2011.01.038

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title = "Mechanics of longitudinal cracks in tooth enamel",

abstract = "A study is made of longitudinal {"}channel{"} cracking in tooth enamel from axial compressive loading. The cracks simulate those generated in the molar and premolar teeth of humans and animals by natural tooth function. Contact loading tests are made on extracted human molars with hard and soft indenting plates to determine the evolution of such cracks with increasing load. Fracture is largely stable, with initial slow growth followed by acceleration as the cracks approach completion around an enamel side wall. A simple power law relation expresses the critical load for full fracture in terms of characteristic tooth dimensions - base radius and enamel thickness - as well as enamel toughness. Extended three-dimensional finite element modeling with provision for growth of embedded cracks is used to validate this relation. The cracks leave {"}fingerprints{"} that offer valuable clues to dietary habits, and provide a basis for a priori prediction of bite forces for different animals from measured tooth dimensions.",

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author = "A. Barani and Keown, {A. J.} and Bush, {M. B.} and Lee, {J. J.W.} and H. Chai and Lawn, {B. R.}",

note = "Funding Information: Human teeth were supplied by Gary Schumacher and Anthony Giuseppetti (Paffenbarger Research Center at the National Institute of Standards and Technology). Access to the orangutan specimen in Fig. 3 b was granted by Linda Gordon (Museum of Natural History at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, DC, USA). Informative discussions with Peter Lucas and Paul Constantino (George Washington University) are gratefully acknowledged. Funding for this work was provided by grants from the Australian Research Council (AB, AJK and MBB), the National Science Foundation (JJWL and BRL), the Israeli Science Foundation (HC) and NIST internal funds. Information on product names and suppliers in this paper is not to imply endorsement by NIST. ",

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AU - Lawn, B. R.

N1 - Funding Information: Human teeth were supplied by Gary Schumacher and Anthony Giuseppetti (Paffenbarger Research Center at the National Institute of Standards and Technology). Access to the orangutan specimen in Fig. 3 b was granted by Linda Gordon (Museum of Natural History at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, DC, USA). Informative discussions with Peter Lucas and Paul Constantino (George Washington University) are gratefully acknowledged. Funding for this work was provided by grants from the Australian Research Council (AB, AJK and MBB), the National Science Foundation (JJWL and BRL), the Israeli Science Foundation (HC) and NIST internal funds. Information on product names and suppliers in this paper is not to imply endorsement by NIST.

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N2 - A study is made of longitudinal "channel" cracking in tooth enamel from axial compressive loading. The cracks simulate those generated in the molar and premolar teeth of humans and animals by natural tooth function. Contact loading tests are made on extracted human molars with hard and soft indenting plates to determine the evolution of such cracks with increasing load. Fracture is largely stable, with initial slow growth followed by acceleration as the cracks approach completion around an enamel side wall. A simple power law relation expresses the critical load for full fracture in terms of characteristic tooth dimensions - base radius and enamel thickness - as well as enamel toughness. Extended three-dimensional finite element modeling with provision for growth of embedded cracks is used to validate this relation. The cracks leave "fingerprints" that offer valuable clues to dietary habits, and provide a basis for a priori prediction of bite forces for different animals from measured tooth dimensions.

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Mechanics of longitudinal cracks in tooth enamel

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