TY - JOUR
T1 - Low grade serous ovarian cancer – A rare disease with increasing therapeutic options
AU - Zwimpfer, Tibor A.
AU - Tal, Ori
AU - Geissler, Franziska
AU - Coelho, Ricardo
AU - Rimmer, Natalie
AU - Jacob, Francis
AU - Heinzelmann-Schwarz, Viola
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Author(s)
PY - 2023/1
Y1 - 2023/1
N2 - High-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSOCs) most commonly arise from the fimbrial end of the fallopian tube and harbor TP53 gene mutations. In contrast, low-grade serous ovarian cancers (LGSOCs) appear to have different pathological, epidemiological, and clinical features and should be seen as a distinct serous epithelial ovarian cancer subtype. Our current understanding of LGSOC is limited, and treatment has generally been derived from the more common HGSOCs due to a lack of separate trial data. LGSOCs are characterized by slow tumor growth and are assumed to develop from serous borderline ovarian tumors as precursors. These cancers are often estrogen-receptor positive and show an activated mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway together with KRAS and BRAF mutations and, rarely, TP53 mutations. These characteristics are now commonly used to guide therapeutical decision making and, consequently, a substantial part of treatment consists of maintenance with endocrine treatment, thus balancing disease stabilization and mild toxicity. Additionally, new trials are ongoing that examine the role of targeted therapies such as MEK inhibitors in combination with endocrine treatments. The purpose of this work is to summarize current knowledge and present ongoing trial efforts for LGSOCs.
AB - High-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSOCs) most commonly arise from the fimbrial end of the fallopian tube and harbor TP53 gene mutations. In contrast, low-grade serous ovarian cancers (LGSOCs) appear to have different pathological, epidemiological, and clinical features and should be seen as a distinct serous epithelial ovarian cancer subtype. Our current understanding of LGSOC is limited, and treatment has generally been derived from the more common HGSOCs due to a lack of separate trial data. LGSOCs are characterized by slow tumor growth and are assumed to develop from serous borderline ovarian tumors as precursors. These cancers are often estrogen-receptor positive and show an activated mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway together with KRAS and BRAF mutations and, rarely, TP53 mutations. These characteristics are now commonly used to guide therapeutical decision making and, consequently, a substantial part of treatment consists of maintenance with endocrine treatment, thus balancing disease stabilization and mild toxicity. Additionally, new trials are ongoing that examine the role of targeted therapies such as MEK inhibitors in combination with endocrine treatments. The purpose of this work is to summarize current knowledge and present ongoing trial efforts for LGSOCs.
KW - BRAF inhibitors
KW - CDK 4/6
KW - ER
KW - Endocrine treatment
KW - KRAS
KW - MEK inhibitors
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85144035892&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ctrv.2022.102497
DO - 10.1016/j.ctrv.2022.102497
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C2 - 36525716
AN - SCOPUS:85144035892
SN - 0305-7372
VL - 112
JO - Cancer Treatment Reviews
JF - Cancer Treatment Reviews
M1 - 102497
ER -