TY - JOUR
T1 - Ischemia-induced neutrophil activation and diapedesis is lipoxygenase dependent
AU - Goldman, Gideon
AU - Welbourn, Richard
AU - Paterson, Ian S.
AU - Klausner, Joseph M.
AU - Kobzik, Lester
AU - Valeri, C. R.
AU - Shepro, David
AU - Hechtman, Herbert B.
PY - 1990/4
Y1 - 1990/4
N2 - Ischemia and reperfusion lead to eicosanoid- and neutrophil (PMN) -dependent injury. This study tests the role of ischemia-induced lipoxygenase activity in mediating PMN activation and diapedesis. Anesthetized rabbits (n = 8) underwent 3 hours of bilateral hindlimb ischemia. At 10 minutes of reperfusion, leukotriene B4 (LTB4) levels in femoral venous effluent were 0.49 ± 0.05 ng/ml compared with 0.04 ± 0.07 ng/ml in sham-treated animals (n = 10) (p < 0.05). Intracellular H2O2 production of circulating PMNs assayed flow cytometrically by dichlorofluorescein (DCF) oxidation, increased from a preischemic value of 74 ± 14 femtomoles DCF/cell to 135 ± 8 fmol DCF/cell (p < 0.05). PMNs were treated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), 10-7 mol/L. In contrast to a 162% increase in H2O2 production before ischemia, PMNs at 10 minutes of reperfusion had an enhanced response to PMA of 336% (p < 0.05). Addition of authentic LTB4 (0.5 ng/ml) to PMN from sham-treated animals led to their activation, manifest by an oxidative burst, 127 ± 12 fmol DCF/cell, and an enhanced response of 337% to PMA stimulation. To study diapedesis, plasma collected at 10 minutes of reperfusion was introduced into plastic chambers taped atop skin abrasions in rabbits (n = 8). After 3 hours, 1610 ± 246 PMN/mm3 accumulated and LTB4 levels in blister fluid were 0.83 ± 0.03 ng/ml, higher than values of 44 ± 23 PMN/mm3 (p < 0.05) and 0.04 ± 0.03 ng LTB4/ml (p < 0.05) with saline solution and 68 ± 16 PMN/mm3 (p < 0.05) and 0.19 ± 0.02 ng/ml (p < 0.05) with nonischemic plasma. The introduction of LTB4, 3.3 ng/ml, into the chambers resulted in an accumulation of 536 ± 352 PMN/mm3 (p < 0.05). Pretreatment of animals before hindlimb ischemia (n = 5) with the lipoxygenase inhibitor diethylcarbamazine abolished PMN activation (51 ± 12 fmol DCF/cell) and ischemic plasma-induced diapedesis into the plastic chamber (38 ± 18 PMN/mm3). Pretreatment of nonischemic animals (n = 13) used for the dermabrasion bioassay with diethylcarbamazine abolished diapedesis into the plastic chambers induced by ischemic plasma (n = 5) (32 ± 24 PMN/mm3) or LTB4 (n = 3) (36 ± 28 PMN/mm3). These data indicate that PMN activation after reperfusion of ischemic tissue is mediated by a lipoxygenase product, perhaps LTB4, and that both reperfusion plasma and authentic LTB4 induce diapedesis by stimulating de novo lipoxygenase activity.
AB - Ischemia and reperfusion lead to eicosanoid- and neutrophil (PMN) -dependent injury. This study tests the role of ischemia-induced lipoxygenase activity in mediating PMN activation and diapedesis. Anesthetized rabbits (n = 8) underwent 3 hours of bilateral hindlimb ischemia. At 10 minutes of reperfusion, leukotriene B4 (LTB4) levels in femoral venous effluent were 0.49 ± 0.05 ng/ml compared with 0.04 ± 0.07 ng/ml in sham-treated animals (n = 10) (p < 0.05). Intracellular H2O2 production of circulating PMNs assayed flow cytometrically by dichlorofluorescein (DCF) oxidation, increased from a preischemic value of 74 ± 14 femtomoles DCF/cell to 135 ± 8 fmol DCF/cell (p < 0.05). PMNs were treated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), 10-7 mol/L. In contrast to a 162% increase in H2O2 production before ischemia, PMNs at 10 minutes of reperfusion had an enhanced response to PMA of 336% (p < 0.05). Addition of authentic LTB4 (0.5 ng/ml) to PMN from sham-treated animals led to their activation, manifest by an oxidative burst, 127 ± 12 fmol DCF/cell, and an enhanced response of 337% to PMA stimulation. To study diapedesis, plasma collected at 10 minutes of reperfusion was introduced into plastic chambers taped atop skin abrasions in rabbits (n = 8). After 3 hours, 1610 ± 246 PMN/mm3 accumulated and LTB4 levels in blister fluid were 0.83 ± 0.03 ng/ml, higher than values of 44 ± 23 PMN/mm3 (p < 0.05) and 0.04 ± 0.03 ng LTB4/ml (p < 0.05) with saline solution and 68 ± 16 PMN/mm3 (p < 0.05) and 0.19 ± 0.02 ng/ml (p < 0.05) with nonischemic plasma. The introduction of LTB4, 3.3 ng/ml, into the chambers resulted in an accumulation of 536 ± 352 PMN/mm3 (p < 0.05). Pretreatment of animals before hindlimb ischemia (n = 5) with the lipoxygenase inhibitor diethylcarbamazine abolished PMN activation (51 ± 12 fmol DCF/cell) and ischemic plasma-induced diapedesis into the plastic chamber (38 ± 18 PMN/mm3). Pretreatment of nonischemic animals (n = 13) used for the dermabrasion bioassay with diethylcarbamazine abolished diapedesis into the plastic chambers induced by ischemic plasma (n = 5) (32 ± 24 PMN/mm3) or LTB4 (n = 3) (36 ± 28 PMN/mm3). These data indicate that PMN activation after reperfusion of ischemic tissue is mediated by a lipoxygenase product, perhaps LTB4, and that both reperfusion plasma and authentic LTB4 induce diapedesis by stimulating de novo lipoxygenase activity.
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AN - SCOPUS:0025240528
SN - 0039-6060
VL - 107
SP - 428
EP - 433
JO - Surgery
JF - Surgery
IS - 4
ER -