Intraoperative fundus inspection during surgery

Introduction: We describe a technique of intraoperative fundus visualization during anterior segment surgery using an anterior chamber air bubble. Methods: An air bubble that occupies one-half to two-thirds of the anterior chamber is injected via existing corneal incisions at any time during surgery. By focusing downwards and looking through the air bubble, an upright image of the posterior pole of the fundus is seen. The technique is demonstrated in a series of cases in the form of photos and supplementary video files. Results: Visualization of the fundus can be safely and effectively performed regardless of the lens status (phakic/pseudophakic/aphakic) of the eye. This technique allows the posterior pole and up to mid-peripheral fundus to be quickly inspected at any stage of surgery. Conclusion: This technique may help surgeons to briefly inspect the fundus in cases of unusual light reflex or following complicated surgery without any additional instrumentation.