TY - JOUR
T1 - International variation in treatment procedures for ADHD
T2 - Social context and recent trends
AU - Hinshaw, Stephen P.
AU - Scheffler, Richard M.
AU - Fulton, Brent D.
AU - Aase, Heidi
AU - Banaschewski, Tobias
AU - Cheng, Wenhong
AU - Mattos, Paulo
AU - Holte, Arne
AU - Levy, Florence
AU - Sadeh, Avi
AU - Sergeant, Joseph A.
AU - Taylor, Eric
AU - Weiss, Margaret D.
PY - 2011/5
Y1 - 2011/5
N2 - Objective: Scientific and clinical interest in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is increasing worldwide. This article presents data from a cross-national workshop and survey related to questions of variability in diagnostic and, particularly, treatment procedures. Methods: Representatives of nine nations (Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Germany, Israel, the Netherlands, Norway, and the United Kingdom), plus the United States, who attended a 2010 workshop on ADHD, responded to a survey that addressed diagnostic procedures for ADHD; treated prevalence of medication approaches, as well as psychosocial interventions; types of medications and psychosocial treatments in use; payment systems; beliefs and values of the education system; trends related to adult ADHD; and cultural and historical attitudes and influences related to treatment. Results: Use of both medication and psychosocial treatment for ADHD varies widely within and across nations. More expensive long-acting formulations of medications are becoming more widespread. Nations with socialized medical care provide a wide array of evidence-based interventions. Economic, historical, and political forces and cultural values are related to predominant attitudes and practices. Strong antipsychiatry and antimedication voices remain influential in many nations. Conclusions: There is considerable variation in implementation of care for ADHD. Recognition of the social context of ADHD is an important step in ensuring access to evidence-based interventions for this prevalent, chronic, and impairing condition.
AB - Objective: Scientific and clinical interest in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is increasing worldwide. This article presents data from a cross-national workshop and survey related to questions of variability in diagnostic and, particularly, treatment procedures. Methods: Representatives of nine nations (Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Germany, Israel, the Netherlands, Norway, and the United Kingdom), plus the United States, who attended a 2010 workshop on ADHD, responded to a survey that addressed diagnostic procedures for ADHD; treated prevalence of medication approaches, as well as psychosocial interventions; types of medications and psychosocial treatments in use; payment systems; beliefs and values of the education system; trends related to adult ADHD; and cultural and historical attitudes and influences related to treatment. Results: Use of both medication and psychosocial treatment for ADHD varies widely within and across nations. More expensive long-acting formulations of medications are becoming more widespread. Nations with socialized medical care provide a wide array of evidence-based interventions. Economic, historical, and political forces and cultural values are related to predominant attitudes and practices. Strong antipsychiatry and antimedication voices remain influential in many nations. Conclusions: There is considerable variation in implementation of care for ADHD. Recognition of the social context of ADHD is an important step in ensuring access to evidence-based interventions for this prevalent, chronic, and impairing condition.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79955662283&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1176/ps.62.5.pss6205_0459
DO - 10.1176/ps.62.5.pss6205_0459
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AN - SCOPUS:79955662283
SN - 1075-2730
VL - 62
SP - 459
EP - 464
JO - Psychiatric Services
JF - Psychiatric Services
IS - 5
ER -