TY - JOUR
T1 - Impaired Inhibitory Control during Walking in Parkinson's Disease Patients
T2 - An EEG Study
AU - Sosnik, Ronen
AU - Danziger-Schragenheim, Shani
AU - Possti, Daniel
AU - Fahoum, Firas
AU - Giladi, Nir
AU - Hausdorff, Jeffrey M.
AU - Mirelman, Anat
AU - Maidan, Inbal
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 - IOS Press. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Background: The performance on a visual Go/NoGo (VGNG) task during walking has been used to evaluate the effect of gait on response inhibition in young and older adults; however, no work has yet included Parkinson's disease (PD) patients for whom such changes may be even more enhanced. Objective: In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of gait on automatic and cognitive inhibitory control phases in PD patients and the associated changes in neural activity and compared them with young and older adults. Methods: 30 PD patients, 30 older adults, and 11 young adults performed a visual Go/NoGo task in a sitting position and during walking on a treadmill while their EEG activity and gait were recorded. Brain electrical activity was evaluated by the amplitude, latency, and scalp distribution of N2 and P300 event related potentials. Mix model analysis was used to examine group and condition effects on task performance and brain activity. Results: The VGNG accuracy rates in PD patients during walking were lower than in young and older adults (F = 5.619, p = 0.006). For all groups, N2 latency during walking was significantly longer than during sitting (p = 0.013). In addition, P300 latency was significantly longer in PD patients (p < 0.001) and older adults (p = 0.032) during walking compared to sitting and during 'NoGo' trials compared with 'Go' trials. Moreover, the young adults showed the smallest number of electrodes for which a significant differential activation between sit to walk was observed, while PD patients showed the largest with N2 being more strongly manifested in bilateral parietal electrodes during walking and in frontocentral electrodes while seated. Conclusion: The results show that response inhibition during walking is impaired in older subjects and PD patients and that increased cognitive load during dual-task walking relates to significant change in scalp electrical activity, mainly in parietal and frontocentral channels.
AB - Background: The performance on a visual Go/NoGo (VGNG) task during walking has been used to evaluate the effect of gait on response inhibition in young and older adults; however, no work has yet included Parkinson's disease (PD) patients for whom such changes may be even more enhanced. Objective: In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of gait on automatic and cognitive inhibitory control phases in PD patients and the associated changes in neural activity and compared them with young and older adults. Methods: 30 PD patients, 30 older adults, and 11 young adults performed a visual Go/NoGo task in a sitting position and during walking on a treadmill while their EEG activity and gait were recorded. Brain electrical activity was evaluated by the amplitude, latency, and scalp distribution of N2 and P300 event related potentials. Mix model analysis was used to examine group and condition effects on task performance and brain activity. Results: The VGNG accuracy rates in PD patients during walking were lower than in young and older adults (F = 5.619, p = 0.006). For all groups, N2 latency during walking was significantly longer than during sitting (p = 0.013). In addition, P300 latency was significantly longer in PD patients (p < 0.001) and older adults (p = 0.032) during walking compared to sitting and during 'NoGo' trials compared with 'Go' trials. Moreover, the young adults showed the smallest number of electrodes for which a significant differential activation between sit to walk was observed, while PD patients showed the largest with N2 being more strongly manifested in bilateral parietal electrodes during walking and in frontocentral electrodes while seated. Conclusion: The results show that response inhibition during walking is impaired in older subjects and PD patients and that increased cognitive load during dual-task walking relates to significant change in scalp electrical activity, mainly in parietal and frontocentral channels.
KW - EEG
KW - Parkinson's disease
KW - dual task
KW - gait
KW - inhibitory control
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85123814340&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3233/JPD-212776
DO - 10.3233/JPD-212776
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C2 - 34569972
AN - SCOPUS:85123814340
SN - 1877-7171
VL - 12
SP - 243
EP - 256
JO - Journal of Parkinson's Disease
JF - Journal of Parkinson's Disease
IS - 1
ER -