Human-computer decision systems: The multiple roles of DSS

The systems approach to DSS design has recently been called for in the DSS literature as necessary for gaining a better understanding of these systems. We suggest that the application of the systems approach should begin at one level higher than has generally been the case, that is at the level of the decision system. A decision system is comprised of a human decision maker (DM) and a computerized decision support system (DSS), and has as its purpose producing decisions. Adopting the decision system perspective highlights the complementary roles of DM and DSS. It raises several issues not generally considered explicitly in the design of DSS: selection of a problem formulation, selection of a decision strategy, and allocation of tasks to the DM and the DSS. Addressing these issues defines the potential roles of the DSS and, hence, the scope that must be considered in its design. This broader definition of DSS roles raises questions about the adequacy of existing DSS design methodologies.