How Alpha Linolenic Acid May Sustain Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity and Boost Brain Resilience against Alzheimer’s Disease

Alicia Leikin-Frenkel, Michal Schnaider Beeri, Itzik Cooper*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalComment/debate

14 Scopus citations

Abstract

Cognitive decline, the primary clinical phenotype of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is currently attributed mainly to amyloid and tau protein deposits. However, a growing body of evidence is converging on brain lipids, and blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, as crucial players involved in AD development. The critical role of lipids metabolism in the brain and its vascular barrier, and its constant modifications particularly throughout AD development, warrants investigation of brain lipid metabolism as a high value therapeutic target. Yet, there is limited knowledge on the biochemical and structural roles of lipids in BBB functionality in AD. Within this framework, we hypothesize that the ApoE4 genotype, strongly linked to AD risk and progression, may be related to altered fatty acids composition in the BBB. Interestingly, alpha linolenic acid (ALA), the precursor of the majoritarian brain component docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), emerges as a potential novel brain savior, acting via BBB functional improvements, and this may be primarily relevant to ApoE4 carriers.

Original languageEnglish
Article number5091
JournalNutrients
Volume14
Issue number23
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 2022

Funding

FundersFunder number
Innovative Research Center
Australian Research Council

    Keywords

    • Alzheimer’s dementia
    • Alzheimer’s disease
    • alpha linolenic acid
    • blood–brain barrier
    • cardiocerebrovascular diseases
    • fatty acids
    • vascular cognitive impairment

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