TY - JOUR
T1 - How Alpha Linolenic Acid May Sustain Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity and Boost Brain Resilience against Alzheimer’s Disease
AU - Leikin-Frenkel, Alicia
AU - Schnaider Beeri, Michal
AU - Cooper, Itzik
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors.
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - Cognitive decline, the primary clinical phenotype of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is currently attributed mainly to amyloid and tau protein deposits. However, a growing body of evidence is converging on brain lipids, and blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, as crucial players involved in AD development. The critical role of lipids metabolism in the brain and its vascular barrier, and its constant modifications particularly throughout AD development, warrants investigation of brain lipid metabolism as a high value therapeutic target. Yet, there is limited knowledge on the biochemical and structural roles of lipids in BBB functionality in AD. Within this framework, we hypothesize that the ApoE4 genotype, strongly linked to AD risk and progression, may be related to altered fatty acids composition in the BBB. Interestingly, alpha linolenic acid (ALA), the precursor of the majoritarian brain component docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), emerges as a potential novel brain savior, acting via BBB functional improvements, and this may be primarily relevant to ApoE4 carriers.
AB - Cognitive decline, the primary clinical phenotype of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is currently attributed mainly to amyloid and tau protein deposits. However, a growing body of evidence is converging on brain lipids, and blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, as crucial players involved in AD development. The critical role of lipids metabolism in the brain and its vascular barrier, and its constant modifications particularly throughout AD development, warrants investigation of brain lipid metabolism as a high value therapeutic target. Yet, there is limited knowledge on the biochemical and structural roles of lipids in BBB functionality in AD. Within this framework, we hypothesize that the ApoE4 genotype, strongly linked to AD risk and progression, may be related to altered fatty acids composition in the BBB. Interestingly, alpha linolenic acid (ALA), the precursor of the majoritarian brain component docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), emerges as a potential novel brain savior, acting via BBB functional improvements, and this may be primarily relevant to ApoE4 carriers.
KW - Alzheimer’s dementia
KW - Alzheimer’s disease
KW - alpha linolenic acid
KW - blood–brain barrier
KW - cardiocerebrovascular diseases
KW - fatty acids
KW - vascular cognitive impairment
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85143605966&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/nu14235091
DO - 10.3390/nu14235091
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C2 - 36501121
AN - SCOPUS:85143605966
SN - 2072-6643
VL - 14
JO - Nutrients
JF - Nutrients
IS - 23
M1 - 5091
ER -