High-precision measurement of the proton elastic form factor ratio μpGE/GM at low Q2

X. Zhan; K. Allada; D. S. Armstrong; J. Arrington; W. Bertozzi; W. Boeglin; J. P. Chen; K. Chirapatpimol; S. Choi; E. Chudakov; E. Cisbani; P. Decowski; C. Dutta; S. Frullani; E. Fuchey; F. Garibaldi; S. Gilad; R. Gilman; J. Glister; K. Hafidi; B. Hahn; J. O. Hansen; D. W. Higinbotham; T. Holmstrom; R. J. Holt; J. Huang; G. M. Huber; F. Itard; C. W. de Jager; X. Jiang; M. Johnson; J. Katich; R. de Leo; J. J. LeRose; R. Lindgren; E. Long; D. J. Margaziotis; S. May-Tal Beck; D. Meekins; R. Michaels; B. Moffit; B. E. Norum; M. Olson; E. Piasetzky; I. Pomerantz; D. Protopopescu; X. Qian; Y. Qiang; A. Rakhman; R. D. Ransome; P. E. Reimer; J. Reinhold; S. Riordan; G. Ron; A. Saha; A. J. Sarty; B. Sawatzky; E. C. Schulte; M. Shabestari; A. Shahinyan; R. Shneor; S. Širca; P. Solvignon; N. F. Sparveris; S. Strauch; R. Subedi; V. Sulkosky; I. Vilardi; Y. Wang; B. Wojtsekhowski; Z. Ye; Y. Zhang

doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2011.10.002

High-precision measurement of the proton elastic form factor ratio μ_pG_E/G_M at low Q²

X. Zhan, K. Allada, D. S. Armstrong, J. Arrington^*, W. Bertozzi, W. Boeglin, J. P. Chen, K. Chirapatpimol, S. Choi, E. Chudakov, E. Cisbani, P. Decowski, C. Dutta, S. Frullani, E. Fuchey, F. Garibaldi, S. Gilad, R. Gilman, J. Glister, K. HafidiB. Hahn, J. O. Hansen, D. W. Higinbotham, T. Holmstrom, R. J. Holt, J. Huang, G. M. Huber, F. Itard, C. W. de Jager, X. Jiang, M. Johnson, J. Katich, R. de Leo, J. J. LeRose, R. Lindgren, E. Long, D. J. Margaziotis, S. May-Tal Beck, D. Meekins, R. Michaels, B. Moffit, B. E. Norum, M. Olson, E. Piasetzky, I. Pomerantz, D. Protopopescu, X. Qian, Y. Qiang, A. Rakhman, R. D. Ransome, P. E. Reimer, J. Reinhold, S. Riordan, G. Ron, A. Saha, A. J. Sarty, B. Sawatzky, E. C. Schulte, M. Shabestari, A. Shahinyan, R. Shneor, S. Širca, P. Solvignon, N. F. Sparveris, S. Strauch, R. Subedi, V. Sulkosky, I. Vilardi, Y. Wang, B. Wojtsekhowski, Z. Ye, Y. Zhang

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Physics and Astronomy

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Abstract

We report a new, high-precision measurement of the proton elastic form factor ratio μ_pG_E/G_M for the four-momentum transfer squared Q²=0.3-0.7(GeV/c)². The measurement was performed at Jefferson Lab (JLab) in Hall A using recoil polarimetry. With a total uncertainty of approximately 1%, the new data clearly show that the deviation of the ratio μ_pG_E/G_M from unity observed in previous polarization measurements at high Q² continues down to the lowest Q² value of this measurement. The updated global fit that includes the new results yields an electric (magnetic) form factor roughly 2% smaller (1% larger) than the previous global fit in this Q² range. We obtain new extractions of the proton electric and magnetic radii, which are 〈rE2v1/2=0.875±0.010 fm and 〈rM2〉1/2=0.867±0.020 fm. The charge radius is consistent with other recent extractions based on the electron-proton interaction, including the atomic hydrogen Lamb shift measurements, which suggests a missing correction in the comparison of measurements of the proton charge radius using electron probes and the recent extraction from the muonic hydrogen Lamb shift.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	59-64
Number of pages	6
Journal	Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics
Volume	705
Issue number	1-2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2011.10.002
State	Published - 3 Nov 2011

Funding

Funders	Funder number
National Science Foundation
U.S. Department of Energy
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility

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10.1016/j.physletb.2011.10.002

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Zhan, X., Allada, K., Armstrong, D. S., Arrington, J., Bertozzi, W., Boeglin, W., Chen, J. P., Chirapatpimol, K., Choi, S., Chudakov, E., Cisbani, E., Decowski, P., Dutta, C., Frullani, S., Fuchey, E., Garibaldi, F., Gilad, S., Gilman, R., Glister, J., ... Zhang, Y. (2011). High-precision measurement of the proton elastic form factor ratio μ_pG_E/G_M at low Q². Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics, 705(1-2), 59-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2011.10.002

@article{b0d8183a9b6d4bed8d21332e54efd78e,

title = "High-precision measurement of the proton elastic form factor ratio μpGE/GM at low Q2",

abstract = "We report a new, high-precision measurement of the proton elastic form factor ratio μpGE/GM for the four-momentum transfer squared Q2=0.3-0.7(GeV/c)2. The measurement was performed at Jefferson Lab (JLab) in Hall A using recoil polarimetry. With a total uncertainty of approximately 1%, the new data clearly show that the deviation of the ratio μpGE/GM from unity observed in previous polarization measurements at high Q2 continues down to the lowest Q2 value of this measurement. The updated global fit that includes the new results yields an electric (magnetic) form factor roughly 2% smaller (1% larger) than the previous global fit in this Q2 range. We obtain new extractions of the proton electric and magnetic radii, which are 〈rE2v1/2=0.875±0.010 fm and 〈rM2〉1/2=0.867±0.020 fm. The charge radius is consistent with other recent extractions based on the electron-proton interaction, including the atomic hydrogen Lamb shift measurements, which suggests a missing correction in the comparison of measurements of the proton charge radius using electron probes and the recent extraction from the muonic hydrogen Lamb shift.",

author = "X. Zhan and K. Allada and Armstrong, {D. S.} and J. Arrington and W. Bertozzi and W. Boeglin and Chen, {J. P.} and K. Chirapatpimol and S. Choi and E. Chudakov and E. Cisbani and P. Decowski and C. Dutta and S. Frullani and E. Fuchey and F. Garibaldi and S. Gilad and R. Gilman and J. Glister and K. Hafidi and B. Hahn and Hansen, {J. O.} and Higinbotham, {D. W.} and T. Holmstrom and Holt, {R. J.} and J. Huang and Huber, {G. M.} and F. Itard and {de Jager}, {C. W.} and X. Jiang and M. Johnson and J. Katich and {de Leo}, R. and LeRose, {J. J.} and R. Lindgren and E. Long and Margaziotis, {D. J.} and {May-Tal Beck}, S. and D. Meekins and R. Michaels and B. Moffit and Norum, {B. E.} and M. Olson and E. Piasetzky and I. Pomerantz and D. Protopopescu and X. Qian and Y. Qiang and A. Rakhman and Ransome, {R. D.} and Reimer, {P. E.} and J. Reinhold and S. Riordan and G. Ron and A. Saha and Sarty, {A. J.} and B. Sawatzky and Schulte, {E. C.} and M. Shabestari and A. Shahinyan and R. Shneor and S. {\v S}irca and P. Solvignon and Sparveris, {N. F.} and S. Strauch and R. Subedi and V. Sulkosky and I. Vilardi and Y. Wang and B. Wojtsekhowski and Z. Ye and Y. Zhang",

note = "Funding Information: We thank the Jefferson Lab Physics and Accelerator Divisions. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation, the Department of Energy , including Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 , and the US–Israeli Bi-National Scientific Foundation . Jefferson Science Associates operates the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility under DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177 . ",

year = "2011",

month = nov,

day = "3",

doi = "10.1016/j.physletb.2011.10.002",

language = "אנגלית",

volume = "705",

pages = "59--64",

journal = "Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics",

issn = "0370-2693",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

number = "1-2",

}

Zhan, X, Allada, K, Armstrong, DS, Arrington, J, Bertozzi, W, Boeglin, W, Chen, JP, Chirapatpimol, K, Choi, S, Chudakov, E, Cisbani, E, Decowski, P, Dutta, C, Frullani, S, Fuchey, E, Garibaldi, F, Gilad, S, Gilman, R, Glister, J, Hafidi, K, Hahn, B, Hansen, JO, Higinbotham, DW, Holmstrom, T, Holt, RJ, Huang, J, Huber, GM, Itard, F, de Jager, CW, Jiang, X, Johnson, M, Katich, J, de Leo, R, LeRose, JJ, Lindgren, R, Long, E, Margaziotis, DJ, May-Tal Beck, S, Meekins, D, Michaels, R, Moffit, B, Norum, BE, Olson, M, Piasetzky, E , Pomerantz, I, Protopopescu, D, Qian, X, Qiang, Y, Rakhman, A, Ransome, RD, Reimer, PE, Reinhold, J, Riordan, S, Ron, G, Saha, A, Sarty, AJ, Sawatzky, B, Schulte, EC, Shabestari, M, Shahinyan, A, Shneor, R, Širca, S, Solvignon, P, Sparveris, NF, Strauch, S, Subedi, R, Sulkosky, V, Vilardi, I, Wang, Y, Wojtsekhowski, B, Ye, Z & Zhang, Y 2011, 'High-precision measurement of the proton elastic form factor ratio μ_pG_E/G_M at low Q²', Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics, vol. 705, no. 1-2, pp. 59-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2011.10.002

TY - JOUR

T1 - High-precision measurement of the proton elastic form factor ratio μpGE/GM at low Q2

AU - Zhan, X.

AU - Allada, K.

AU - Armstrong, D. S.

AU - Arrington, J.

AU - Bertozzi, W.

AU - Boeglin, W.

AU - Chen, J. P.

AU - Chirapatpimol, K.

AU - Choi, S.

AU - Chudakov, E.

AU - Cisbani, E.

AU - Decowski, P.

AU - Dutta, C.

AU - Frullani, S.

AU - Fuchey, E.

AU - Garibaldi, F.

AU - Gilad, S.

AU - Gilman, R.

AU - Glister, J.

AU - Hafidi, K.

AU - Hahn, B.

AU - Hansen, J. O.

AU - Higinbotham, D. W.

AU - Holmstrom, T.

AU - Holt, R. J.

AU - Huang, J.

AU - Huber, G. M.

AU - Itard, F.

AU - de Jager, C. W.

AU - Jiang, X.

AU - Johnson, M.

AU - Katich, J.

AU - de Leo, R.

AU - LeRose, J. J.

AU - Lindgren, R.

AU - Long, E.

AU - Margaziotis, D. J.

AU - May-Tal Beck, S.

AU - Meekins, D.

AU - Michaels, R.

AU - Moffit, B.

AU - Norum, B. E.

AU - Olson, M.

AU - Piasetzky, E.

AU - Pomerantz, I.

AU - Protopopescu, D.

AU - Qian, X.

AU - Qiang, Y.

AU - Rakhman, A.

AU - Ransome, R. D.

AU - Reimer, P. E.

AU - Reinhold, J.

AU - Riordan, S.

AU - Ron, G.

AU - Saha, A.

AU - Sarty, A. J.

AU - Sawatzky, B.

AU - Schulte, E. C.

AU - Shabestari, M.

AU - Shahinyan, A.

AU - Shneor, R.

AU - Širca, S.

AU - Solvignon, P.

AU - Sparveris, N. F.

AU - Strauch, S.

AU - Subedi, R.

AU - Sulkosky, V.

AU - Vilardi, I.

AU - Wang, Y.

AU - Wojtsekhowski, B.

AU - Ye, Z.

AU - Zhang, Y.

N1 - Funding Information: We thank the Jefferson Lab Physics and Accelerator Divisions. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation, the Department of Energy , including Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 , and the US–Israeli Bi-National Scientific Foundation . Jefferson Science Associates operates the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility under DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177 .

PY - 2011/11/3

Y1 - 2011/11/3

N2 - We report a new, high-precision measurement of the proton elastic form factor ratio μpGE/GM for the four-momentum transfer squared Q2=0.3-0.7(GeV/c)2. The measurement was performed at Jefferson Lab (JLab) in Hall A using recoil polarimetry. With a total uncertainty of approximately 1%, the new data clearly show that the deviation of the ratio μpGE/GM from unity observed in previous polarization measurements at high Q2 continues down to the lowest Q2 value of this measurement. The updated global fit that includes the new results yields an electric (magnetic) form factor roughly 2% smaller (1% larger) than the previous global fit in this Q2 range. We obtain new extractions of the proton electric and magnetic radii, which are 〈rE2v1/2=0.875±0.010 fm and 〈rM2〉1/2=0.867±0.020 fm. The charge radius is consistent with other recent extractions based on the electron-proton interaction, including the atomic hydrogen Lamb shift measurements, which suggests a missing correction in the comparison of measurements of the proton charge radius using electron probes and the recent extraction from the muonic hydrogen Lamb shift.

AB - We report a new, high-precision measurement of the proton elastic form factor ratio μpGE/GM for the four-momentum transfer squared Q2=0.3-0.7(GeV/c)2. The measurement was performed at Jefferson Lab (JLab) in Hall A using recoil polarimetry. With a total uncertainty of approximately 1%, the new data clearly show that the deviation of the ratio μpGE/GM from unity observed in previous polarization measurements at high Q2 continues down to the lowest Q2 value of this measurement. The updated global fit that includes the new results yields an electric (magnetic) form factor roughly 2% smaller (1% larger) than the previous global fit in this Q2 range. We obtain new extractions of the proton electric and magnetic radii, which are 〈rE2v1/2=0.875±0.010 fm and 〈rM2〉1/2=0.867±0.020 fm. The charge radius is consistent with other recent extractions based on the electron-proton interaction, including the atomic hydrogen Lamb shift measurements, which suggests a missing correction in the comparison of measurements of the proton charge radius using electron probes and the recent extraction from the muonic hydrogen Lamb shift.

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U2 - 10.1016/j.physletb.2011.10.002

DO - 10.1016/j.physletb.2011.10.002

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AN - SCOPUS:80054683736

SN - 0370-2693

VL - 705

SP - 59

EP - 64

JO - Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics

JF - Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics

IS - 1-2

ER -

High-precision measurement of the proton elastic form factor ratio μ_pG_E/G_M at low Q²

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