Hepatitis D double reflex testing of all hepatitis B carriers in low-HBV- and high-HBV/HDV-prevalence countries

Homie A. Razavi; Maria Buti; Norah A. Terrault; Stefan Zeuzem; Cihan Yurdaydin; Junko Tanaka; Alessio Aghemo; Ulus S. Akarca; Nasser M. Al Masri; Abduljaleel M. Alalwan; Soo Aleman; Abdullah S. Alghamdi; Saad Alghamdi; Waleed K. Al-Hamoudi; Abdulrahman A. Aljumah; Ibrahim H. Altraif; Tarik Asselah; Ziv Ben-Ari; Thomas Berg; Mia J. Biondi; Sarah Blach; Wornei S.M. Braga; Carlos E. Brandão-Mello; Maurizia R. Brunetto; Joaquin Cabezas; Hugo Cheinquer; Pei Jer Chen; Myeong Eun Cheon; Wan Long Chuang; Carla S. Coffin; Nicola Coppola; Antonio Craxi; Javier Crespo; Victor De Ledinghen; Ann Sofi Duberg; Ohad Etzion; Maria Lucia G. Ferraz; Paulo R.A. Ferreira; Xavier Forns; Graham R. Foster; Giovanni B. Gaeta; Ivane Gamkrelidze; Javier García-Samaniego; Liliana S. Gheorghe; Pierre M. Gholam; Robert G. Gish; Jeffrey Glenn; Julian Hercun; Yao Chun Hsu; Ching Chih Hu; Jee Fu Huang; Naveed Janjua; Jidong Jia; Martin Kåberg; Kelly D.E. Kaita; Habiba Kamal; Jia Horng Kao; Loreta A. Kondili; Martin Lagging; Pablo Lázaro; Jeffrey V. Lazarus; Mei Hsuan Lee; Young Suk Lim; Paul J. Marotta; Maria Cristina Navas; Marcelo C.M. Naveira; Mauricio Orrego; Carla Osiowy; Calvin Q. Pan; Mário G. Pessoa; Giovanni Raimondo; Alnoor Ramji; Devin M. Razavi-Shearer; Kathryn Razavi-Shearer; Cielo Y. Ríos-Hincapié; Manuel Rodríguez; William M.C. Rosenberg; Dominique M. Roulot; Stephen D. Ryder; Rifaat Safadi; Faisal M. Sanai; Teresa A. Santantonio; Christoph Sarrazin; Daniel Shouval; Frank Tacke; Tammo L. Tergast; Juan Miguel Villalobos-Salcedo; Alexis S. Voeller; Hwai I. Yang; Ming Lung Yu; Eli Zuckerman

doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2023.02.041

Hepatitis D double reflex testing of all hepatitis B carriers in low-HBV- and high-HBV/HDV-prevalence countries

Homie A. Razavi^*, Maria Buti, Norah A. Terrault, Stefan Zeuzem, Cihan Yurdaydin, Junko Tanaka, Alessio Aghemo, Ulus S. Akarca, Nasser M. Al Masri, Abduljaleel M. Alalwan, Soo Aleman, Abdullah S. Alghamdi, Saad Alghamdi, Waleed K. Al-Hamoudi, Abdulrahman A. Aljumah, Ibrahim H. Altraif, Tarik Asselah, Ziv Ben-Ari, Thomas Berg, Mia J. BiondiSarah Blach, Wornei S.M. Braga, Carlos E. Brandão-Mello, Maurizia R. Brunetto, Joaquin Cabezas, Hugo Cheinquer, Pei Jer Chen, Myeong Eun Cheon, Wan Long Chuang, Carla S. Coffin, Nicola Coppola, Antonio Craxi, Javier Crespo, Victor De Ledinghen, Ann Sofi Duberg, Ohad Etzion, Maria Lucia G. Ferraz, Paulo R.A. Ferreira, Xavier Forns, Graham R. Foster, Giovanni B. Gaeta, Ivane Gamkrelidze, Javier García-Samaniego, Liliana S. Gheorghe, Pierre M. Gholam, Robert G. Gish, Jeffrey Glenn, Julian Hercun, Yao Chun Hsu, Ching Chih Hu, Jee Fu Huang, Naveed Janjua, Jidong Jia, Martin Kåberg, Kelly D.E. Kaita, Habiba Kamal, Jia Horng Kao, Loreta A. Kondili, Martin Lagging, Pablo Lázaro, Jeffrey V. Lazarus, Mei Hsuan Lee, Young Suk Lim, Paul J. Marotta, Maria Cristina Navas, Marcelo C.M. Naveira, Mauricio Orrego, Carla Osiowy, Calvin Q. Pan, Mário G. Pessoa, Giovanni Raimondo, Alnoor Ramji, Devin M. Razavi-Shearer, Kathryn Razavi-Shearer, Cielo Y. Ríos-Hincapié, Manuel Rodríguez, William M.C. Rosenberg, Dominique M. Roulot, Stephen D. Ryder, Rifaat Safadi, Faisal M. Sanai, Teresa A. Santantonio, Christoph Sarrazin, Daniel Shouval, Frank Tacke, Tammo L. Tergast, Juan Miguel Villalobos-Salcedo, Alexis S. Voeller, Hwai I. Yang, Ming Lung Yu, Eli Zuckerman

^*Corresponding author for this work

Internal Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Short survey › peer-review

36 Scopus citations

Abstract

Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection occurs as a coinfection with hepatitis B and increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, decompensated cirrhosis, and mortality compared to hepatitis B virus (HBV) monoinfection. Reliable estimates of the prevalence of HDV infection and disease burden are essential to formulate strategies to find coinfected individuals more effectively and efficiently. The global prevalence of HBV infections was estimated to be 262,240,000 in 2021. Only 1,994,000 of the HBV infections were newly diagnosed in 2021, with more than half of the new diagnoses made in China. Our initial estimates indicated a much lower prevalence of HDV antibody (anti-HDV) and HDV RNA positivity than previously reported in published studies. Accurate estimates of HDV prevalence are needed. The most effective method to generate estimates of the prevalence of anti-HDV and HDV RNA positivity and to find undiagnosed individuals at the national level is to implement double reflex testing. This requires anti-HDV testing of all hepatitis B surface antigen-positive individuals and HDV RNA testing of all anti-HDV-positive individuals. This strategy is manageable for healthcare systems since the number of newly diagnosed HBV cases is low. At the global level, a comprehensive HDV screening strategy would require only 1,994,000 HDV antibody tests and less than 89,000 HDV PCR tests. Double reflex testing is the preferred strategy in countries with a low prevalence of HBV and those with a high prevalence of both HBV and HDV. For example, in the European Union and North America only 35,000 and 22,000 cases, respectively, will require anti-HDV testing annually.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	576-580
Number of pages	5
Journal	Journal of Hepatology
Volume	79
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2023.02.041
State	Published - Aug 2023

Funding

Funders	Funder number
Center for Disease Analysis Foundation
Genentech-Roche
Helio Health
National Institutes of Health
GlaxoSmithKline
Gilead Sciences

Keywords

HDV
Hepatitis D virus

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1016/j.jhep.2023.02.041

Cite this

Razavi, H. A., Buti, M., Terrault, N. A., Zeuzem, S., Yurdaydin, C., Tanaka, J., Aghemo, A., Akarca, U. S., Al Masri, N. M., Alalwan, A. M., Aleman, S., Alghamdi, A. S., Alghamdi, S., Al-Hamoudi, W. K., Aljumah, A. A., Altraif, I. H., Asselah, T., Ben-Ari, Z., Berg, T., ... Zuckerman, E. (2023). Hepatitis D double reflex testing of all hepatitis B carriers in low-HBV- and high-HBV/HDV-prevalence countries. Journal of Hepatology, 79(2), 576-580. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2023.02.041

@article{89d475c22ef84179adcb46d233d5afd1,

title = "Hepatitis D double reflex testing of all hepatitis B carriers in low-HBV- and high-HBV/HDV-prevalence countries",

abstract = "Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection occurs as a coinfection with hepatitis B and increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, decompensated cirrhosis, and mortality compared to hepatitis B virus (HBV) monoinfection. Reliable estimates of the prevalence of HDV infection and disease burden are essential to formulate strategies to find coinfected individuals more effectively and efficiently. The global prevalence of HBV infections was estimated to be 262,240,000 in 2021. Only 1,994,000 of the HBV infections were newly diagnosed in 2021, with more than half of the new diagnoses made in China. Our initial estimates indicated a much lower prevalence of HDV antibody (anti-HDV) and HDV RNA positivity than previously reported in published studies. Accurate estimates of HDV prevalence are needed. The most effective method to generate estimates of the prevalence of anti-HDV and HDV RNA positivity and to find undiagnosed individuals at the national level is to implement double reflex testing. This requires anti-HDV testing of all hepatitis B surface antigen-positive individuals and HDV RNA testing of all anti-HDV-positive individuals. This strategy is manageable for healthcare systems since the number of newly diagnosed HBV cases is low. At the global level, a comprehensive HDV screening strategy would require only 1,994,000 HDV antibody tests and less than 89,000 HDV PCR tests. Double reflex testing is the preferred strategy in countries with a low prevalence of HBV and those with a high prevalence of both HBV and HDV. For example, in the European Union and North America only 35,000 and 22,000 cases, respectively, will require anti-HDV testing annually.",

keywords = "HDV, Hepatitis D virus",

author = "Razavi, {Homie A.} and Maria Buti and Terrault, {Norah A.} and Stefan Zeuzem and Cihan Yurdaydin and Junko Tanaka and Alessio Aghemo and Akarca, {Ulus S.} and {Al Masri}, {Nasser M.} and Alalwan, {Abduljaleel M.} and Soo Aleman and Alghamdi, {Abdullah S.} and Saad Alghamdi and Al-Hamoudi, {Waleed K.} and Aljumah, {Abdulrahman A.} and Altraif, {Ibrahim H.} and Tarik Asselah and Ziv Ben-Ari and Thomas Berg and Biondi, {Mia J.} and Sarah Blach and Braga, {Wornei S.M.} and Brand{\~a}o-Mello, {Carlos E.} and Brunetto, {Maurizia R.} and Joaquin Cabezas and Hugo Cheinquer and Chen, {Pei Jer} and Cheon, {Myeong Eun} and Chuang, {Wan Long} and Coffin, {Carla S.} and Nicola Coppola and Antonio Craxi and Javier Crespo and {De Ledinghen}, Victor and Duberg, {Ann Sofi} and Ohad Etzion and Ferraz, {Maria Lucia G.} and Ferreira, {Paulo R.A.} and Xavier Forns and Foster, {Graham R.} and Gaeta, {Giovanni B.} and Ivane Gamkrelidze and Javier Garc{\'i}a-Samaniego and Gheorghe, {Liliana S.} and Gholam, {Pierre M.} and Gish, {Robert G.} and Jeffrey Glenn and Julian Hercun and Hsu, {Yao Chun} and Hu, {Ching Chih} and Huang, {Jee Fu} and Naveed Janjua and Jidong Jia and Martin K{\aa}berg and Kaita, {Kelly D.E.} and Habiba Kamal and Kao, {Jia Horng} and Kondili, {Loreta A.} and Martin Lagging and Pablo L{\'a}zaro and Lazarus, {Jeffrey V.} and Lee, {Mei Hsuan} and Lim, {Young Suk} and Marotta, {Paul J.} and Navas, {Maria Cristina} and Naveira, {Marcelo C.M.} and Mauricio Orrego and Carla Osiowy and Pan, {Calvin Q.} and Pessoa, {M{\'a}rio G.} and Giovanni Raimondo and Alnoor Ramji and Razavi-Shearer, {Devin M.} and Kathryn Razavi-Shearer and R{\'i}os-Hincapi{\'e}, {Cielo Y.} and Manuel Rodr{\'i}guez and Rosenberg, {William M.C.} and Roulot, {Dominique M.} and Ryder, {Stephen D.} and Rifaat Safadi and Sanai, {Faisal M.} and Santantonio, {Teresa A.} and Christoph Sarrazin and Daniel Shouval and Frank Tacke and Tergast, {Tammo L.} and Villalobos-Salcedo, {Juan Miguel} and Voeller, {Alexis S.} and Yang, {Hwai I.} and Yu, {Ming Lung} and Eli Zuckerman",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 The Author(s)",

year = "2023",

month = aug,

doi = "10.1016/j.jhep.2023.02.041",

language = "אנגלית",

volume = "79",

pages = "576--580",

journal = "Journal of Hepatology",

issn = "0168-8278",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

number = "2",

}

Razavi, HA, Buti, M, Terrault, NA, Zeuzem, S, Yurdaydin, C, Tanaka, J, Aghemo, A, Akarca, US, Al Masri, NM, Alalwan, AM, Aleman, S, Alghamdi, AS, Alghamdi, S, Al-Hamoudi, WK, Aljumah, AA, Altraif, IH, Asselah, T, Ben-Ari, Z, Berg, T, Biondi, MJ, Blach, S, Braga, WSM, Brandão-Mello, CE, Brunetto, MR, Cabezas, J, Cheinquer, H, Chen, PJ, Cheon, ME, Chuang, WL, Coffin, CS, Coppola, N, Craxi, A, Crespo, J, De Ledinghen, V, Duberg, AS, Etzion, O, Ferraz, MLG, Ferreira, PRA, Forns, X, Foster, GR, Gaeta, GB, Gamkrelidze, I, García-Samaniego, J, Gheorghe, LS, Gholam, PM, Gish, RG, Glenn, J, Hercun, J, Hsu, YC, Hu, CC, Huang, JF, Janjua, N, Jia, J, Kåberg, M, Kaita, KDE, Kamal, H, Kao, JH, Kondili, LA, Lagging, M, Lázaro, P, Lazarus, JV, Lee, MH, Lim, YS, Marotta, PJ, Navas, MC, Naveira, MCM, Orrego, M, Osiowy, C, Pan, CQ, Pessoa, MG, Raimondo, G, Ramji, A, Razavi-Shearer, DM, Razavi-Shearer, K, Ríos-Hincapié, CY, Rodríguez, M, Rosenberg, WMC, Roulot, DM, Ryder, SD, Safadi, R, Sanai, FM, Santantonio, TA, Sarrazin, C, Shouval, D, Tacke, F, Tergast, TL, Villalobos-Salcedo, JM, Voeller, AS, Yang, HI, Yu, ML & Zuckerman, E 2023, 'Hepatitis D double reflex testing of all hepatitis B carriers in low-HBV- and high-HBV/HDV-prevalence countries', Journal of Hepatology, vol. 79, no. 2, pp. 576-580. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2023.02.041

TY - JOUR

T1 - Hepatitis D double reflex testing of all hepatitis B carriers in low-HBV- and high-HBV/HDV-prevalence countries

AU - Razavi, Homie A.

AU - Buti, Maria

AU - Terrault, Norah A.

AU - Zeuzem, Stefan

AU - Yurdaydin, Cihan

AU - Tanaka, Junko

AU - Aghemo, Alessio

AU - Akarca, Ulus S.

AU - Al Masri, Nasser M.

AU - Alalwan, Abduljaleel M.

AU - Aleman, Soo

AU - Alghamdi, Abdullah S.

AU - Alghamdi, Saad

AU - Al-Hamoudi, Waleed K.

AU - Aljumah, Abdulrahman A.

AU - Altraif, Ibrahim H.

AU - Asselah, Tarik

AU - Ben-Ari, Ziv

AU - Berg, Thomas

AU - Biondi, Mia J.

AU - Blach, Sarah

AU - Braga, Wornei S.M.

AU - Brandão-Mello, Carlos E.

AU - Brunetto, Maurizia R.

AU - Cabezas, Joaquin

AU - Cheinquer, Hugo

AU - Chen, Pei Jer

AU - Cheon, Myeong Eun

AU - Chuang, Wan Long

AU - Coffin, Carla S.

AU - Coppola, Nicola

AU - Craxi, Antonio

AU - Crespo, Javier

AU - De Ledinghen, Victor

AU - Duberg, Ann Sofi

AU - Etzion, Ohad

AU - Ferraz, Maria Lucia G.

AU - Ferreira, Paulo R.A.

AU - Forns, Xavier

AU - Foster, Graham R.

AU - Gaeta, Giovanni B.

AU - Gamkrelidze, Ivane

AU - García-Samaniego, Javier

AU - Gheorghe, Liliana S.

AU - Gholam, Pierre M.

AU - Gish, Robert G.

AU - Glenn, Jeffrey

AU - Hercun, Julian

AU - Hsu, Yao Chun

AU - Hu, Ching Chih

AU - Huang, Jee Fu

AU - Janjua, Naveed

AU - Jia, Jidong

AU - Kåberg, Martin

AU - Kaita, Kelly D.E.

AU - Kamal, Habiba

AU - Kao, Jia Horng

AU - Kondili, Loreta A.

AU - Lagging, Martin

AU - Lázaro, Pablo

AU - Lazarus, Jeffrey V.

AU - Lee, Mei Hsuan

AU - Lim, Young Suk

AU - Marotta, Paul J.

AU - Navas, Maria Cristina

AU - Naveira, Marcelo C.M.

AU - Orrego, Mauricio

AU - Osiowy, Carla

AU - Pan, Calvin Q.

AU - Pessoa, Mário G.

AU - Raimondo, Giovanni

AU - Ramji, Alnoor

AU - Razavi-Shearer, Devin M.

AU - Razavi-Shearer, Kathryn

AU - Ríos-Hincapié, Cielo Y.

AU - Rodríguez, Manuel

AU - Rosenberg, William M.C.

AU - Roulot, Dominique M.

AU - Ryder, Stephen D.

AU - Safadi, Rifaat

AU - Sanai, Faisal M.

AU - Santantonio, Teresa A.

AU - Sarrazin, Christoph

AU - Shouval, Daniel

AU - Tacke, Frank

AU - Tergast, Tammo L.

AU - Villalobos-Salcedo, Juan Miguel

AU - Voeller, Alexis S.

AU - Yang, Hwai I.

AU - Yu, Ming Lung

AU - Zuckerman, Eli

PY - 2023/8

Y1 - 2023/8

N2 - Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection occurs as a coinfection with hepatitis B and increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, decompensated cirrhosis, and mortality compared to hepatitis B virus (HBV) monoinfection. Reliable estimates of the prevalence of HDV infection and disease burden are essential to formulate strategies to find coinfected individuals more effectively and efficiently. The global prevalence of HBV infections was estimated to be 262,240,000 in 2021. Only 1,994,000 of the HBV infections were newly diagnosed in 2021, with more than half of the new diagnoses made in China. Our initial estimates indicated a much lower prevalence of HDV antibody (anti-HDV) and HDV RNA positivity than previously reported in published studies. Accurate estimates of HDV prevalence are needed. The most effective method to generate estimates of the prevalence of anti-HDV and HDV RNA positivity and to find undiagnosed individuals at the national level is to implement double reflex testing. This requires anti-HDV testing of all hepatitis B surface antigen-positive individuals and HDV RNA testing of all anti-HDV-positive individuals. This strategy is manageable for healthcare systems since the number of newly diagnosed HBV cases is low. At the global level, a comprehensive HDV screening strategy would require only 1,994,000 HDV antibody tests and less than 89,000 HDV PCR tests. Double reflex testing is the preferred strategy in countries with a low prevalence of HBV and those with a high prevalence of both HBV and HDV. For example, in the European Union and North America only 35,000 and 22,000 cases, respectively, will require anti-HDV testing annually.

AB - Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection occurs as a coinfection with hepatitis B and increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, decompensated cirrhosis, and mortality compared to hepatitis B virus (HBV) monoinfection. Reliable estimates of the prevalence of HDV infection and disease burden are essential to formulate strategies to find coinfected individuals more effectively and efficiently. The global prevalence of HBV infections was estimated to be 262,240,000 in 2021. Only 1,994,000 of the HBV infections were newly diagnosed in 2021, with more than half of the new diagnoses made in China. Our initial estimates indicated a much lower prevalence of HDV antibody (anti-HDV) and HDV RNA positivity than previously reported in published studies. Accurate estimates of HDV prevalence are needed. The most effective method to generate estimates of the prevalence of anti-HDV and HDV RNA positivity and to find undiagnosed individuals at the national level is to implement double reflex testing. This requires anti-HDV testing of all hepatitis B surface antigen-positive individuals and HDV RNA testing of all anti-HDV-positive individuals. This strategy is manageable for healthcare systems since the number of newly diagnosed HBV cases is low. At the global level, a comprehensive HDV screening strategy would require only 1,994,000 HDV antibody tests and less than 89,000 HDV PCR tests. Double reflex testing is the preferred strategy in countries with a low prevalence of HBV and those with a high prevalence of both HBV and HDV. For example, in the European Union and North America only 35,000 and 22,000 cases, respectively, will require anti-HDV testing annually.

KW - HDV

KW - Hepatitis D virus

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85159287431&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.02.041

DO - 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.02.041

M3 - ???researchoutput.researchoutputtypes.contributiontojournal.shortsurvey???

C2 - 37030400

AN - SCOPUS:85159287431

SN - 0168-8278

VL - 79

SP - 576

EP - 580

JO - Journal of Hepatology

JF - Journal of Hepatology

IS - 2

ER -

Hepatitis D double reflex testing of all hepatitis B carriers in low-HBV- and high-HBV/HDV-prevalence countries

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

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