Hemoperitoneum after oocyte retrieval and severe pelvic infection

Transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration of oocytes is a well-accepted and universally used method in assisted reproduction. Its major advantages include easy access to ovarian follicles with excellent oocyte yield, and good visualization of the major pelvic vessels, and it is usually atraumatic. Nevertheless, there are some inherent risks, namely, puncture of blood vessels and intra-abdominal or retroperitoneal bleeding, bleeding from the vaginal-vault puncture site, rupture or perforation of pelvic organs, and pelvic infection. We aim to present and comprehensively discuss two of these complications, bleeding and pelvic infection.