Goblet cell distribution and epithelial cell morphology in pterygium

Background: Studies conducted to date on the distribution density of goblet cells and epithelial cell morphology in pterygium have yielded contradictory findings. Objective: To evaluate the density of goblet cells in pterygium and possible correlation between clinical and demographic features and goblet cell distribution. Methods: The methodology involved retrospective case series. The study sample included 45 consecutive patients undergoing bare sclera operation. Biopsy specimens were examined under light microscopy. The goblet cells were counted in four fields under X480 magnification and determined by the density range. Demographic features were evaluated for every patient. The relationships between elastosis, inflammation, congestion of blood vessels and the density range in goblet cell count were determined. Results: Distribution density of goblet cells was found to be homogenous among cases. In 16 cases (35%) the count showed more than 120 cells in a field, while in 13 cases (30%) the authors calculated under 15 cells in a field. In 27 cases (60%) there was a high rate of elastosis. In only 3 cases (6.6%) the authors found mild dysplasia of the epithelium. There was a low rate of congestion of blood vessels in only 5 cases (11%). In all cases inflammation was found. There was no significant correlation found with all demographic parameters evaluated. Conclusion: There is a high rate of difference in the distribution and density of goblet cells in pterygia, without any correlation with demographic and clinical features listed. There is a variable elastosis rate, significant congestion of blood vessels and a low rate of dysplasia. All cases presented with chronic inflammatory reaction.