TY - CHAP
T1 - Goal Gradients, Expectancy, and Value
AU - Liberman, Nira
AU - Förster, Jens
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2012 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
PY - 2012/1/1
Y1 - 2012/1/1
N2 - Students study harder for an exam as it gets closer, rats pull harder the closer they get to the reinforcement, people are willing to pay more to avoid a painful and scary experience the closer they get to it, and runners mobilize all their resources when closer to the goal. In this chapter we offer a closer look at goal gradients, which is the tendency to increase effort closer to a goal. This chapter looks at the function of goal gradients and analyzes their causes. We then discuss the factors that may make goal gradients steeper versus shallower and the consequences of steeper versus shallower gradients for self-regulation.
AB - Students study harder for an exam as it gets closer, rats pull harder the closer they get to the reinforcement, people are willing to pay more to avoid a painful and scary experience the closer they get to it, and runners mobilize all their resources when closer to the goal. In this chapter we offer a closer look at goal gradients, which is the tendency to increase effort closer to a goal. This chapter looks at the function of goal gradients and analyzes their causes. We then discuss the factors that may make goal gradients steeper versus shallower and the consequences of steeper versus shallower gradients for self-regulation.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85121883941&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.4324/9780203869666-11
DO - 10.4324/9780203869666-11
M3 - ???researchoutput.researchoutputtypes.contributiontobookanthology.chapter???
AN - SCOPUS:85121883941
SN - 9781848728738
SP - 151
EP - 173
BT - Goal-Directed Behavior
PB - Taylor and Francis
ER -