TY - JOUR
T1 - Ginzburg–Landau models of nonlinear electric transmission networks
AU - Kengne, Emmanuel
AU - Liu, Wu Ming
AU - English, Lars Q.
AU - Malomed, Boris A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2022/10/12
Y1 - 2022/10/12
N2 - Complex Ginzburg–Landau (CGL) equations serve as canonical models in a great variety of physical settings, such as nonlinear photonics, dynamical phase transitions, superconductivity, superfluidity, hydrodynamics, plasmas, Bose–Einstein condensates, liquid crystals, field-theory strings, etc. This article provides a review of one- and two-dimensional (1D and 2D) CGL-based models of single- and multi-coupled (bundled) electric nonlinear transmission networks (NLTNs), built of elements combining nonlinearity and dispersion. They are modeled by CGL equations in the framework of the continuum approximation. The presentation starts with a survey of experimental results for solitons in electrical transmission lines. Both lossless and dissipative networks are considered. Nonlinear models originating from NLTNs, which are treated in the review, include conservative and dissipative nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equations, cubic and cubic–quintic CGL equations (ones with derivative terms are included as well), and their extensions in the form of the Kundu–Eckhaus (KE) and generalized Chen–Lee–Liu (CLL) equations. These models produce a variety of analytical and numerical solutions for the propagation of nonlinear-wave modes in electric networks. We here focus on cnoidal waves, bright and dark solitons, kinks, rogue waves, and chirped W-shaped kinks (Lambert waves), some of which have been observed in experiments, while others call for experimental realization. A summary of applications of NLTNs is presented, including an especially important example that relies on NLTNs for emulation of various dynamical phenomena known in other physical and neural systems. Based on models distinct from equations of the CGL type, we also review bifurcations of traveling waves propagating in 2D electrical networks.
AB - Complex Ginzburg–Landau (CGL) equations serve as canonical models in a great variety of physical settings, such as nonlinear photonics, dynamical phase transitions, superconductivity, superfluidity, hydrodynamics, plasmas, Bose–Einstein condensates, liquid crystals, field-theory strings, etc. This article provides a review of one- and two-dimensional (1D and 2D) CGL-based models of single- and multi-coupled (bundled) electric nonlinear transmission networks (NLTNs), built of elements combining nonlinearity and dispersion. They are modeled by CGL equations in the framework of the continuum approximation. The presentation starts with a survey of experimental results for solitons in electrical transmission lines. Both lossless and dissipative networks are considered. Nonlinear models originating from NLTNs, which are treated in the review, include conservative and dissipative nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equations, cubic and cubic–quintic CGL equations (ones with derivative terms are included as well), and their extensions in the form of the Kundu–Eckhaus (KE) and generalized Chen–Lee–Liu (CLL) equations. These models produce a variety of analytical and numerical solutions for the propagation of nonlinear-wave modes in electric networks. We here focus on cnoidal waves, bright and dark solitons, kinks, rogue waves, and chirped W-shaped kinks (Lambert waves), some of which have been observed in experiments, while others call for experimental realization. A summary of applications of NLTNs is presented, including an especially important example that relies on NLTNs for emulation of various dynamical phenomena known in other physical and neural systems. Based on models distinct from equations of the CGL type, we also review bifurcations of traveling waves propagating in 2D electrical networks.
KW - Chen–Lee–Liu equation
KW - DEDICATION: One of authors, Emmanuel Kengne, dedicates this work to the memory of his mother, KUA Marie Djomou, Mefo'a Gouo (Bangou Queen), passed away on September 6th, 2021. For if he had not believed that she would have wished him to give such help as
KW - Emulation of complex systems
KW - Ginzburg–Landau models
KW - Gross–Pitaevskii equation
KW - Kinks
KW - Modulated waves
KW - Modulational instability
KW - Nonlinear Schrödinger equation
KW - Rogue waves
KW - Solitons
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85135916689&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.physrep.2022.07.004
DO - 10.1016/j.physrep.2022.07.004
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AN - SCOPUS:85135916689
SN - 0370-1573
VL - 982
SP - 1
EP - 124
JO - Physics Reports
JF - Physics Reports
ER -