Genetic Characterization of Novel Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2 Viruses During Initial Use Phase Under Emergency Use Listing — Worldwide, March–October 2021

Javier Martin; Cara C. Burns; Jaume Jorba; Lester M. Shulman; Andrew Macadam; Dimitra Klapsa; Manasi Majumdar; James Bullows; Ann Frolov; Ryan Mate; Erika Bujaki; Christina J. Castro; Kelley Bullard; John Konz; Kaija Hawes; Jillian Gauld; Isobel M. Blake; Laina D. Mercer; Feyrouz Kurji; Arie Voorman; Ousmane M. Diop; M. Steven Oberste; John Modlin; Grace Macklin; Martin Eisenhawer; Ananda S. Bandyopadhyay; Simona Zipursky

doi:10.15585/MMWR.MM7124A2

Genetic Characterization of Novel Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2 Viruses During Initial Use Phase Under Emergency Use Listing — Worldwide, March–October 2021

Javier Martin, Cara C. Burns^*, Jaume Jorba, Lester M. Shulman, Andrew Macadam, Dimitra Klapsa, Manasi Majumdar, James Bullows, Ann Frolov, Ryan Mate, Erika Bujaki, Christina J. Castro, Kelley Bullard, John Konz, Kaija Hawes, Jillian Gauld, Isobel M. Blake, Laina D. Mercer, Feyrouz Kurji, Arie VoormanOusmane M. Diop, M. Steven Oberste, John Modlin, Grace Macklin, Martin Eisenhawer, Ananda S. Bandyopadhyay, Simona Zipursky

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

What is already known about this topic? Sabin oral polio vaccine virus can revert to neurovirulence in populations with low immunity. A genetically stable novel type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine (nOPV2) was authorized for outbreak response use under a World Health Organization Emergency Use Listing. What is added by this report? Global nOPV2 genomic surveillance during March–October 2021 confirmed genetic stability of the primary attenuating site. What are the implications for public health practice? nOPV2 is used to respond to poliovirus outbreaks with comparatively low risk for generating new circulating strains. Given the background immunity, population dynamics, and scale of use, the consistent pattern of genetic characteristics of nOPV2 isolates is encouraging. nOPV2 surveillance should continue for the duration of the Emergency Use Listing.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	786-790
Number of pages	5
Journal	Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
Volume	71
Issue number	24
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.15585/MMWR.MM7124A2
State	Published - 17 Jun 2022
Externally published	Yes

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Martin, J., Burns, C. C., Jorba, J., Shulman, L. M., Macadam, A., Klapsa, D., Majumdar, M., Bullows, J., Frolov, A., Mate, R., Bujaki, E., Castro, C. J., Bullard, K., Konz, J., Hawes, K., Gauld, J., Blake, I. M., Mercer, L. D., Kurji, F., ... Zipursky, S. (2022). Genetic Characterization of Novel Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2 Viruses During Initial Use Phase Under Emergency Use Listing — Worldwide, March–October 2021. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 71(24), 786-790. https://doi.org/10.15585/MMWR.MM7124A2

@article{0b85d7452e9c420ba4a00ff6d89d5945,

title = "Genetic Characterization of Novel Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2 Viruses During Initial Use Phase Under Emergency Use Listing — Worldwide, March–October 2021",

abstract = "What is already known about this topic? Sabin oral polio vaccine virus can revert to neurovirulence in populations with low immunity. A genetically stable novel type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine (nOPV2) was authorized for outbreak response use under a World Health Organization Emergency Use Listing. What is added by this report? Global nOPV2 genomic surveillance during March–October 2021 confirmed genetic stability of the primary attenuating site. What are the implications for public health practice? nOPV2 is used to respond to poliovirus outbreaks with comparatively low risk for generating new circulating strains. Given the background immunity, population dynamics, and scale of use, the consistent pattern of genetic characteristics of nOPV2 isolates is encouraging. nOPV2 surveillance should continue for the duration of the Emergency Use Listing.",

author = "Javier Martin and Burns, {Cara C.} and Jaume Jorba and Shulman, {Lester M.} and Andrew Macadam and Dimitra Klapsa and Manasi Majumdar and James Bullows and Ann Frolov and Ryan Mate and Erika Bujaki and Castro, {Christina J.} and Kelley Bullard and John Konz and Kaija Hawes and Jillian Gauld and Blake, {Isobel M.} and Mercer, {Laina D.} and Feyrouz Kurji and Arie Voorman and Diop, {Ousmane M.} and Oberste, {M. Steven} and John Modlin and Grace Macklin and Martin Eisenhawer and Bandyopadhyay, {Ananda S.} and Simona Zipursky",

year = "2022",

month = jun,

day = "17",

doi = "10.15585/MMWR.MM7124A2",

language = "אנגלית",

volume = "71",

pages = "786--790",

journal = "Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report",

issn = "0149-2195",

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Martin, J, Burns, CC, Jorba, J, Shulman, LM, Macadam, A, Klapsa, D, Majumdar, M, Bullows, J, Frolov, A, Mate, R, Bujaki, E, Castro, CJ, Bullard, K, Konz, J, Hawes, K, Gauld, J, Blake, IM, Mercer, LD, Kurji, F, Voorman, A, Diop, OM, Oberste, MS, Modlin, J, Macklin, G, Eisenhawer, M, Bandyopadhyay, AS & Zipursky, S 2022, 'Genetic Characterization of Novel Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2 Viruses During Initial Use Phase Under Emergency Use Listing — Worldwide, March–October 2021', Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, vol. 71, no. 24, pp. 786-790. https://doi.org/10.15585/MMWR.MM7124A2

TY - JOUR

T1 - Genetic Characterization of Novel Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2 Viruses During Initial Use Phase Under Emergency Use Listing — Worldwide, March–October 2021

AU - Martin, Javier

AU - Burns, Cara C.

AU - Jorba, Jaume

AU - Shulman, Lester M.

AU - Macadam, Andrew

AU - Klapsa, Dimitra

AU - Majumdar, Manasi

AU - Bullows, James

AU - Frolov, Ann

AU - Mate, Ryan

AU - Bujaki, Erika

AU - Castro, Christina J.

AU - Bullard, Kelley

AU - Konz, John

AU - Hawes, Kaija

AU - Gauld, Jillian

AU - Blake, Isobel M.

AU - Mercer, Laina D.

AU - Kurji, Feyrouz

AU - Voorman, Arie

AU - Diop, Ousmane M.

AU - Oberste, M. Steven

AU - Modlin, John

AU - Macklin, Grace

AU - Eisenhawer, Martin

AU - Bandyopadhyay, Ananda S.

AU - Zipursky, Simona

PY - 2022/6/17

Y1 - 2022/6/17

N2 - What is already known about this topic? Sabin oral polio vaccine virus can revert to neurovirulence in populations with low immunity. A genetically stable novel type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine (nOPV2) was authorized for outbreak response use under a World Health Organization Emergency Use Listing. What is added by this report? Global nOPV2 genomic surveillance during March–October 2021 confirmed genetic stability of the primary attenuating site. What are the implications for public health practice? nOPV2 is used to respond to poliovirus outbreaks with comparatively low risk for generating new circulating strains. Given the background immunity, population dynamics, and scale of use, the consistent pattern of genetic characteristics of nOPV2 isolates is encouraging. nOPV2 surveillance should continue for the duration of the Emergency Use Listing.

AB - What is already known about this topic? Sabin oral polio vaccine virus can revert to neurovirulence in populations with low immunity. A genetically stable novel type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine (nOPV2) was authorized for outbreak response use under a World Health Organization Emergency Use Listing. What is added by this report? Global nOPV2 genomic surveillance during March–October 2021 confirmed genetic stability of the primary attenuating site. What are the implications for public health practice? nOPV2 is used to respond to poliovirus outbreaks with comparatively low risk for generating new circulating strains. Given the background immunity, population dynamics, and scale of use, the consistent pattern of genetic characteristics of nOPV2 isolates is encouraging. nOPV2 surveillance should continue for the duration of the Emergency Use Listing.

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DO - 10.15585/MMWR.MM7124A2

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C2 - 35709073

AN - SCOPUS:85132200410

SN - 0149-2195

VL - 71

SP - 786

EP - 790

JO - Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

JF - Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

IS - 24

ER -

Genetic Characterization of Novel Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2 Viruses During Initial Use Phase Under Emergency Use Listing — Worldwide, March–October 2021

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